NUTS-3 RO111 · Romania
Population
556,8942025
GDP
€8,211M2024
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
5.9%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
70.3%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
7,544.1 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
RO111 · PL841
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Białostocki (Opportunity 42). Runner-up: Bihor (34). Contrarian pick: Bihor — leads the set on Cost advantage (EU pctl 96).
#2Bihor
Strengths
Cost advantage (96) · Industrial base (57)
Red flags
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%)
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Talent & skills (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Białostocki
Governance (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Governance (EU pctl 14) — Bihor may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Białostocki leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
34.0
42.4
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
48.0
30.3
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
20.9
42.9
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
—
35.0
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
42.3
17.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
13.8
47.5
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
47.2
61.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
3.7% 5y
4.2% 5y
Population
0.1% 5y
0.8% 5y
Unemployment rate
9.2% 5y
2.2% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€14,745
€17,371
Population density
74 /km²
95 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€7,441M
€7,647M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€331M
€312M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,707M
€1,531M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,394M
€1,214M
GVA — construction (F)
€614M
€553M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€2,283M
€2,345M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€9,100
€10,500
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
24,500 PPS
25,300 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€14,800
€17,100
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€8,805M
€3,841M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,026M
€446M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€16,038M
€6,485M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€616M
—
GVA — information & communication (J)
€153M
—
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,092M
€1,121M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,414M
€1,784M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€6,143M
€7,312M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€32,362
€45,068
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,900M
€2,257M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
282,450
238,200
Self-employed persons
56,270
55,900
Employment in manufacturing (C)
66,150
34,000
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
68.4%
73.0%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
28.3%
—
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
5.9%
2.6%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
246,900
231,100
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
37,113
38,107
Enterprise births
4,574
4,521
Enterprise deaths
2,492
4,621
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.9%
5.8%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
0.3%
0.9%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
3.3%
2.6%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
0.2%
0.5%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
18.6%
37.4%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
22.8%
40.4%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
7.5%
9.1%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
15.4%
25.4%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.1%
8.2%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
94.5%
97.1%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
1,437,803
490,643
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
436 /1k
581 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
14,161 kt
15,441 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
636
1,122
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
3 km/1000km²
0 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
114
230
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
22
135
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
0
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
362,146
311,543
Population aged 65+
105,140
100,793
Population aged under 15
89,608
74,878
Median age of population
42.6 yrs
43.2 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
29.0%
32.4%
Crude rate of total population change
1.7 /1k
-0.9 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
5.5 /1k
1.7 /1k
Crude birth rate
8.6 /1k
7.4 /1k
Crude death rate
12.4 /1k
10.1 /1k
Live births
4,805
3,607
Deaths
6,912
4,908
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
53.8%
56.4%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.51
1.18
Population density (persons per km²)
74 /km²
95 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
385,550
453,322
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
27.5%
23.5%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
76.6 yrs
79.3 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
15.6%
21.7%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
753 /100k
629 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,857 /100k
1,519 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
255 /100k
252 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
0.2 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
11.0 /100k
11.9 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
76.8 /100k
86.1 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
152 /100k
159 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
65 /M
54 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.20
0.52
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.39
0.69
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.44
0.35
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.07
0.67
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.55
0.54
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.155/kWh
€0.113/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.051/kWh
€0.064/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
317 m
136 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
14 days/yr
6 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
69 days/yr
100 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
4 days/yr
3 days/yr