Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€78,862M
€68,749M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€119M
€1,660M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€5,394M
€13,526M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€4,229M
€10,338M
GVA — construction (F)
€2,658M
€3,918M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€26,045M
€17,811M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€18,600
€16,000
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
51,500 PPS
31,600 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€42,300
€28,100
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€17,975M
€25,331M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,159M
€4,983M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€41,675M
€70,224M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€8,268M
—
GVA — information & communication (J)
€7,746M
—
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€28,718M
€17,799M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€15,927M
€14,035M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
—
€70,815M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
—
€71,199
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
—
€15,538M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
1,353,540
1,140,300
Self-employed persons
147,780
167,100
Employment in manufacturing (C)
63,570
139,000
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
81.1%
74.1%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
20.9%
30.5%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
—
11.6%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
—
1,406,300
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
43.3%
38.1%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
49.0%
53.1%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
20.1%
18.3%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
31.5%
22.2%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
14.0%
7.0%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
—
510 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
11,122 kt
115,701 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
11,393
3,359
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
528
122
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
—
50 km/1000km²
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
13
32
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
1,373,075
1,851,227
Population aged 65+
473,716
552,486
Population aged under 15
309,821
360,283
Median age of population
44.9 yrs
45.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
34.5%
29.8%
Crude rate of total population change
24.0 /1k
19.4 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
23.6 /1k
21.5 /1k
Crude birth rate
9.1 /1k
6.6 /1k
Crude death rate
8.7 /1k
8.7 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
57.1%
49.3%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.65
1.11
Population density (persons per km²)
1,620 /km²
255 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
—
2,332,960
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.7 /100k
1.3 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
187 /100k
132 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
125 /100k
373 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
895 /100k
430 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
28 /M
30 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
—
1.14
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
—
0.84
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
—
0.96
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
—
0.78
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
—
0.16