NUTS-3 PL621 · Poland
Population
472,6722025
GDP
€6,533M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
3.3%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
75.6%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
7,331.7 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
PL621 · PL21A
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Oświęcimski (Opportunity 47). Runner-up: Elbląski (37). Contrarian pick: Elbląski — leads the set on Cost advantage (EU pctl 92).
Strengths
Cost advantage (91) · Industrial base (88)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
#2Elbląski
Strengths
Cost advantage (92) · Industrial base (88)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Oświęcimski
Economic base (EU bottom 15%); Governance (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Economic base (EU pctl 13) — Elbląski may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Oświęcimski leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
36.9
47.3
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
27.5
16.5
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
30.7
44.3
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
28.0
—
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
19.3
49.3
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
21.8
74.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
55.0
52.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
3.1% 5y
3.7% 5y
Population
1.7% 5y
1.2% 5y
Unemployment rate
1.9% 5y
2.1% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€13,822
€15,252
Population density
64 /km²
251 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 87 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€5,903M
€7,066M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€405M
€78M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,951M
€2,755M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,761M
€2,112M
GVA — construction (F)
€405M
€511M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,222M
€1,538M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€10,600
€10,900
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
19,900 PPS
21,900 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€13,500
€14,800
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€3,635M
€10,024M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€684M
€1,652M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€7,205M
€26,117M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€761M
€979M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,160M
€1,206M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€5,701M
€6,721M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€38,886
€48,460
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,500M
€1,516M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
206,300
197,900
Self-employed persons
38,300
33,900
Employment in manufacturing (C)
53,500
54,300
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
71.9%
73.1%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
17.5%
11.3%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
3.3%
2.7%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
220,300
240,400
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
26,699
32,463
Enterprise births
2,906
3,286
Enterprise deaths
3,647
3,842
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.6%
5.4%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.0%
2.7%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
2.0%
6.0%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
0.5%
1.7%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
31.4%
41.2%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
33.5%
48.1%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
5.8%
9.9%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
20.0%
31.4%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
6.9%
11.4%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
93.4%
97.0%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
689,258
549,862
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
597 /1k
588 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
18,375 kt
17,945 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
423
562
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
0 km/1000km²
10 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
90
110
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
110
28
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
304,142
326,629
Population aged 65+
100,187
111,531
Population aged under 15
68,343
74,572
Median age of population
44.0 yrs
44.5 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
32.9%
34.1%
Crude rate of total population change
-7.4 /1k
-5.6 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-2.4 /1k
-0.5 /1k
Crude birth rate
6.3 /1k
6.5 /1k
Crude death rate
11.3 /1k
11.6 /1k
Live births
3,012
3,340
Deaths
5,377
5,977
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
55.4%
57.0%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.14
1.16
Population density (persons per km²)
67 /km²
258 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
307,481
359,967
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
19.6%
14.9%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
77.9 yrs
79.6 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
18.0%
13.7%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
584 /100k
617 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,595 /100k
1,376 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
255 /100k
278 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.2 /100k
0.4 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
8.6 /100k
12.8 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
226 /100k
113 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
216 /100k
118 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
63 /M
35 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.52
0.52
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.69
0.69
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.35
0.35
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.67
0.67
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.54
0.54
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.113/kWh
€0.113/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.064/kWh
€0.064/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
107 m
327 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
3 days/yr
6 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
87 days/yr
89 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
5 days/yr