NUTS-3 PL431 · Poland
Population
358,6212025
GDP
€5,734M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
2%2019
Employment· NUTS-2 source
78.3%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
6,116.3 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
PL431 · EL431
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Gorzowski (Opportunity 43). Runner-up: Ηράκλειο (32). Contrarian pick: Ηράκλειο — leads the set on Demographic outlook (EU pctl 90).
Strengths
Cost advantage (93) · Industrial base (80)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
#2Ηράκλειο
Strengths
Demographic outlook (90) · Cost advantage (81)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Industrial base (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Gorzowski
Economic base (EU bottom 15%); Governance (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Economic base (EU pctl 14) — Ηράκλειο may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Gorzowski · Manufacturing → Gorzowski · Office → Ηράκλειο · Residential → Ηράκλειο.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
43.4
32.0
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
27.5
15.5
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
30.4
31.9
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
26.0
22.0
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
23.3
29.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
25.3
17.8
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
69.2
60.2
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
3.1% 5y
5.3% 5y
Population
1.1% 5y
0.4% 5y
Unemployment rate
8.6% 5y
21.7% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€15,988
€18,096
Population density
59 /km²
114 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€5,181M
€4,762M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€202M
€298M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,557M
€495M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,350M
€360M
GVA — construction (F)
€312M
€136M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,356M
€1,709M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€10,200
€12,800
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
22,600 PPS
21,600 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€15,300
€17,500
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€3,343M
€2,427M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€759M
€104M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€6,207M
€4,111M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
—
€533M
GVA — information & communication (J)
—
€96M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€734M
€1,132M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,019M
€993M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€5,034M
€4,872M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€42,838
€36,801
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,436M
€1,349M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
171,400
162,650
Self-employed persons
27,600
50,970
Employment in manufacturing (C)
37,700
9,820
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
72.3%
72.0%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
—
12.9%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
1.4%
5.1%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
169,700
139,100
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
25,085
28,597
Enterprise births
2,845
2,429
Enterprise deaths
3,481
820
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.4%
4.0%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
0.5%
1.7%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
2.3%
2.8%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
0.3%
1.7%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
31.6%
28.5%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
34.4%
36.5%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
4.4%
3.1%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
21.3%
17.7%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.3%
6.4%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
95.9%
—
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
735,650
14,052,273
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
685 /1k
500 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
10,622 kt
7,939 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
74
1
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
10 km/1000km²
1 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
21
0
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
111
21
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
231,638
192,761
Population aged 65+
75,845
62,763
Population aged under 15
51,138
46,074
Median age of population
44.1 yrs
44.7 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
32.7%
32.6%
Crude rate of total population change
-4.4 /1k
-3.0 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
1.0 /1k
-0.9 /1k
Crude birth rate
6.1 /1k
8.4 /1k
Crude death rate
11.5 /1k
10.5 /1k
Live births
2,190
2,544
Deaths
4,129
3,180
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
54.8%
56.5%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.09
1.50
Population density (persons per km²)
60 /km²
115 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
252,489
299,129
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
13.3%
18.2%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
78.0 yrs
82.4 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
11.3%
12.7%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
487 /100k
410 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,598 /100k
966 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
268 /100k
213 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
2.5 /100k
0.7 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
8.1 /100k
3.0 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
230 /100k
39.3 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
342 /100k
222 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
68 /M
71 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.52
0.56
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.69
0.42
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.35
0.49
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.67
0.32
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.54
0.24
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.113/kWh
€0.143/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.064/kWh
€0.039/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
40 m
476 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
11 days/yr
47 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
64 days/yr
4 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
1 days/yr
4 days/yr