Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€4,701M
€5,222M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€201M
€307M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,273M
€839M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,163M
€788M
GVA — construction (F)
€310M
€344M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€897M
€1,116M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€11,000
€9,600
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
23,100 PPS
22,100 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€16,300
€15,600
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€5,688M
€6,421M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,817M
€1,410M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€7,959M
€7,243M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€650M
€694M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€78M
€244M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,066M
€1,210M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€955M
€1,406M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€4,209M
€4,594M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€42,380
€40,002
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,526M
€2,124M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
136,460
160,560
Self-employed persons
16,020
18,370
Employment in manufacturing (C)
33,070
26,240
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
79.6%
78.8%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
13.4%
17.2%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
3.2%
4.7%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
167,600
199,100
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
23.1%
24.8%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
23.2%
23.3%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
9.2%
9.4%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
17.3%
18.1%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
5.5%
4.3%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
473 /1k
446 /1k
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2,331
2,543
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
5,618 kt
4,774 kt
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
699
655
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
25 km/1000km²
12 km/1000km²
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
121
112
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
0
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
212,339
250,281
Population aged 65+
75,843
86,359
Population aged under 15
45,163
51,466
Median age of population
46.6 yrs
45.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
35.7%
34.5%
Crude rate of total population change
-7.9 /1k
-3.4 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-1.4 /1k
2.9 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.3 /1k
7.6 /1k
Crude death rate
13.7 /1k
13.9 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
57.0%
55.1%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.37
1.27
Population density (persons per km²)
80 /km²
93 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
280,668
373,079
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.66
0.66
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.29
0.29
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.24
0.24
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.04
0.04
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.67
0.67