Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€23,938M
€28,728M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€510M
€216M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€5,534M
€5,298M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€4,727M
€3,439M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,606M
€1,781M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€4,151M
€5,336M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€23,200
€22,600
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
32,000 PPS
28,000 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€34,700
€30,400
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€16,352M
€16,068M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,573M
€1,764M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€39,199M
€37,107M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€3,698M
€4,673M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€249M
€499M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€6,287M
€8,030M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€5,852M
€8,066M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€23,961M
€28,545M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€91,592
€87,942
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€5,912M
€7,216M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
298,100
373,100
Self-employed persons
30,100
34,000
Employment in manufacturing (C)
41,900
40,200
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
76.7%
72.3%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
10.2%
24.8%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
5.0%
7.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
358,800
473,400
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
41.0%
35.9%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
51.2%
48.6%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
14.5%
10.9%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
29.2%
24.9%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
10.0%
6.7%
Mobility
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
16,736 kt
19,790 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
3,321
5,815
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
36 km/1000km²
20 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
431
554
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
36
72
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
475,311
652,409
Population aged 65+
172,043
231,424
Population aged under 15
123,419
166,422
Median age of population
44.5 yrs
43.8 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
36.2%
35.5%
Crude rate of total population change
-0.1 /1k
-0.6 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
0.9 /1k
1.4 /1k
Crude birth rate
8.6 /1k
8.3 /1k
Crude death rate
9.6 /1k
10.3 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
62.2%
61.0%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.56
1.42
Population density (persons per km²)
220 /km²
170 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
713,931
949,251
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
0.8 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
33.0 /100k
35.9 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
291 /100k
346 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,255 /100k
1,257 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
38 /M
51 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.46
1.46
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.27
1.27
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.02
1.02
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.39
1.39
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.02
0.02