Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€24,008M
€25,623M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€307M
€720M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€4,894M
€4,752M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€3,807M
€4,317M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,484M
€1,761M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€4,441M
€4,315M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€23,500
€23,300
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
35,800 PPS
31,600 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€38,900
€34,300
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€20,283M
€32,580M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,604M
€4,197M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€46,136M
€79,082M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€3,507M
€3,864M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€548M
€520M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€6,896M
€7,465M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€5,986M
€6,610M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€23,827M
€25,756M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€92,906
€80,251
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€6,056M
€6,425M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
294,800
364,200
Self-employed persons
26,300
40,200
Employment in manufacturing (C)
34,700
51,800
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
76.3%
77.1%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
18.0%
16.1%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
6.1%
6.6%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
322,800
395,200
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
41.4%
42.2%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
51.6%
54.9%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
16.2%
16.8%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
26.6%
26.5%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
9.0%
8.4%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
631 /1k
611 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
20,794 kt
24,656 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2,747
4,002
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
25 km/1000km²
23 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
395
476
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
90
253
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
0
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
420,315
512,706
Population aged 65+
151,896
184,459
Population aged under 15
122,719
143,131
Median age of population
42.5 yrs
42.2 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
36.1%
36.0%
Crude rate of total population change
2.5 /1k
3.8 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
2.2 /1k
3.4 /1k
Crude birth rate
10.0 /1k
9.3 /1k
Crude death rate
9.7 /1k
8.9 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
65.3%
63.9%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.77
1.63
Population density (persons per km²)
103 /km²
117 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
704,539
846,837
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.7 /100k
1.1 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
51.8 /100k
33.8 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
407 /100k
433 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,350 /100k
1,269 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
66 /M
47 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.46
1.46
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.27
1.27
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.02
1.02
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.39
1.39
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.02
0.02