Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€19,958M
€23,239M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€542M
€275M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€4,875M
€4,148M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€4,495M
€3,574M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,194M
€1,308M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€3,453M
€4,076M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€23,700
€23,400
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
38,500 PPS
35,900 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€46,300
€39,000
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€8,779M
€10,591M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,548M
€1,415M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€22,877M
€23,857M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€2,735M
€3,585M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€717M
€635M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€5,074M
€7,363M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€4,821M
€6,070M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€20,032M
€23,133M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€101,190
€90,953
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€3,902M
€5,924M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
230,320
291,400
Self-employed persons
26,790
34,100
Employment in manufacturing (C)
35,650
37,000
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
79.3%
77.2%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
20.8%
19.6%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
9.5%
6.4%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
253,000
316,700
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
39.0%
40.4%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
34.8%
46.9%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
26.4%
15.9%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
26.8%
26.3%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
9.1%
7.9%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
710 /1k
—
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
4,341
5,033
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
13,152 kt
17,833 kt
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
877
758
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
11 km/1000km²
19 km/1000km²
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
32
7
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
306,425
405,808
Population aged 65+
120,009
157,975
Population aged under 15
68,385
100,535
Median age of population
44.0 yrs
44.3 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
39.2%
38.9%
Crude rate of total population change
8.2 /1k
-0.1 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
11.4 /1k
1.8 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.6 /1k
8.2 /1k
Crude death rate
10.7 /1k
10.0 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
61.5%
63.7%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.20
1.43
Population density (persons per km²)
46 /km²
83 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
400,016
753,484
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.4 /100k
0.6 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
34.2 /100k
48.6 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
152 /100k
602 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
2,325 /100k
1,566 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
38 /M
64 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.90
1.46
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.91
1.27
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.99
1.02
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
2.19
1.39
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
1.09
0.02