NUTS-3 ES419 · Spain
Population
165,5642025
GDP
€4,359M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
8.6%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
74.3%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
10,546.6 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ES419 · ITC13
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Biella (Opportunity 49). Runner-up: Zamora (37). Contrarian pick: Zamora — leads the set on Energy cost (EU pctl 95).
#1Biella
Strengths
Industrial base (82) · Connectivity (71)
Red flags
Long-run slide: down 27 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute)
#2Zamora
Strengths
Energy cost (95) · Freight intensity (90)
Red flags
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%)
Connectivity (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Biella
Long-run slide: down 27 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute). Its weakest dimension is Demographic outlook (EU pctl 15) — Zamora may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Zamora · Manufacturing → Zamora · Office → Zamora · Residential → Biella.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
36.9
49.1
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
37.8
30.8
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
57.4
54.5
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
89.0
—
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
6.7
71.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
60.3
18.0
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
52.2
35.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
4.5% 5y
3.3% 5y
Population
0.7% 5y
0.7% 5y
Unemployment rate
7.9% 5y
1.9% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€26,329
€33,502
Population density
16 /km²
185 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€3,978M
€5,066M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€360M
€45M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€726M
€1,456M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€348M
€1,356M
GVA — construction (F)
€249M
€267M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€826M
€905M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€18,500
€24,400
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
29,400 PPS
34,700 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€26,200
€33,400
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€13,527M
€44,851M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,707M
€10,323M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€32,274M
€61,911M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
—
€734M
GVA — information & communication (J)
—
€90M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€820M
€1,568M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€998M
€824M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€4,001M
€5,167M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€72,369
€82,665
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€957M
€1,615M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
64,800
69,300
Self-employed persons
16,000
16,300
Employment in manufacturing (C)
5,300
17,300
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
75.7%
73.5%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
24.7%
19.3%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
8.6%
6.1%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
74,700
76,000
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
10,953
12,839
Enterprise births
688
814
Enterprise deaths
673
674
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.5%
3.3%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.4%
2.1%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
3.3%
3.6%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.1%
1.6%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
42.1%
21.2%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
52.3%
29.3%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
15.3%
10.0%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
22.8%
16.0%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.3%
5.0%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
96.0%
93.9%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
609,564
339,609
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
601 /1k
723 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
8,953 kt
3,164 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
4
1,447
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
26 km/1000km²
36 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
2
860
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
208
50
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
3
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
96,848
101,001
Population aged 65+
54,098
51,066
Population aged under 15
14,618
16,261
Median age of population
54.5 yrs
53.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
55.9%
50.6%
Crude rate of total population change
-4.2 /1k
-1.5 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
7.0 /1k
8.5 /1k
Crude birth rate
4.2 /1k
4.7 /1k
Crude death rate
15.4 /1k
14.7 /1k
Live births
700
792
Deaths
2,553
2,480
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
71.0%
66.7%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
0.95
1.05
Population density (persons per km²)
16 /km²
186 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
74,753
109,051
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
24.1%
16.9%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
84.8 yrs
83.7 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
19.8%
14.0%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
343 /100k
353 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
749 /100k
892 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
212 /100k
228 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.0 /100k
0.0 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
13.2 /100k
27.3 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
256 /100k
—
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
105 /100k
566 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
68 /M
40 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.14
0.72
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.84
0.60
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.96
0.57
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.78
0.57
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.16
0.41
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.106/kWh
€0.159/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
727 m
413 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
39 days/yr
9 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
36 days/yr
49 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
3 days/yr
18 days/yr