NUTS-3 ES414 · Spain
Population
158,7022025
GDP
€5,048M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
8.6%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
74.3%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
8,050.6 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ES414 · DE409
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Märkisch-Oderland (Opportunity 48). Runner-up: Palencia (37). Contrarian pick: Palencia — leads the set on Energy cost (EU pctl 95).
Strengths
Labour market (70) · Freight intensity (68)
Red flags
Industrial base (EU bottom 15%)
Long-run slide: down 14 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute)
#2Palencia
Strengths
Energy cost (95) · Freight intensity (92)
Red flags
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%)
Connectivity (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Märkisch-Oderland
Industrial base (EU bottom 15%); Long-run slide: down 14 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute). Its weakest dimension is Industrial base (EU pctl 12) — Palencia may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Märkisch-Oderland · Manufacturing → Palencia · Office → Palencia · Residential → Märkisch-Oderland.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
37.4
48.1
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
35.8
63.0
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
54.4
54.6
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
76.0
66.7
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
11.7
59.3
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
60.3
27.0
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
47.2
51.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
2.8% 5y
0.5% 5y
Population
0.2% 5y
0.2% 5y
Unemployment rate
5.0% 5y
0.5% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€31,805
€27,417
Population density
20 /km²
92 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 87 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€4,606M
€4,954M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€219M
€131M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,462M
€770M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,122M
€364M
GVA — construction (F)
€242M
€517M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€876M
€933M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€18,500
€26,000
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
35,900 PPS
24,500 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€32,000
€27,500
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€13,527M
€23,042M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,707M
€2,607M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€32,274M
€47,281M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€836M
€1,125M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€972M
€1,478M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€4,633M
€4,350M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€78,799
€80,174
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,108M
€1,328M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
68,900
71,410
Self-employed persons
11,700
8,990
Employment in manufacturing (C)
13,400
5,450
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
75.7%
80.0%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
24.7%
7.3%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
8.6%
3.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
74,800
98,000
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
9,341
7,366
Enterprise births
568
544
Enterprise deaths
583
686
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.6%
3.7%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.4%
1.5%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
3.3%
4.1%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.1%
0.8%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
42.1%
32.2%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
52.3%
31.8%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
15.3%
6.4%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
22.8%
21.9%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.3%
7.6%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
96.0%
—
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
758,457
300,677
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
601 /1k
584 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
8,872 kt
7,379 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
17
1,357
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
26 km/1000km²
28 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
11
686
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
171
55
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
96,993
118,573
Population aged 65+
44,739
52,175
Population aged under 15
16,970
27,069
Median age of population
51.4 yrs
50.5 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
46.1%
44.0%
Crude rate of total population change
4.0 /1k
0.2 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
12.0 /1k
8.5 /1k
Crude birth rate
5.2 /1k
5.5 /1k
Crude death rate
13.2 /1k
13.8 /1k
Live births
824
1,079
Deaths
2,085
2,724
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
63.6%
66.8%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.08
1.36
Population density (persons per km²)
20 /km²
93 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
87,585
185,191
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
24.1%
19.6%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
84.8 yrs
81.0 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
19.8%
14.7%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
343 /100k
—
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
749 /100k
1,113 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
212 /100k
245 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.3 /100k
0.5 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
20.3 /100k
34.9 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
172 /100k
300 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
101 /100k
823 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
68 /M
45 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.14
1.78
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.84
1.56
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.96
1.58
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.78
1.82
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.16
0.53
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.106/kWh
€0.161/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.055/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
874 m
9 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
29 days/yr
9 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
52 days/yr
60 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
2 days/yr