NUTS-3 EE009 · Estonia
Population
122,8702025
GDP
€2,199M2024
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
7.5%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
81.7%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
9,146.1 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
EE009 · EL543
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Kesk-Eesti (Opportunity 31). Runner-up: Ιωάννινα (29). Contrarian pick: Ιωάννινα — leads the set on Cost advantage (EU pctl 83).
#2Ιωάννινα
Strengths
Cost advantage (83) · Growth momentum (66)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Connectivity (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Air quality (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Kesk-Eesti
Economic base (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Economic base (EU pctl 7) — Ιωάννινα may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Kesk-Eesti leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
31.4
28.7
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
42.5
40.8
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
53.4
36.1
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
—
0.3
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
46.3
13.5
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
69.8
30.0
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
49.2
65.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
1.0% 5y
3.6% 5y
Population
0.1% 5y
0.9% 5y
Unemployment rate
1.4% 5y
11.3% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€17,901
€13,864
Population density
13 /km²
34 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€1,927M
€2,043M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€185M
€63M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€480M
€324M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€446M
€216M
GVA — construction (F)
€173M
€78M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€331M
€432M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€15,400
€12,400
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
19,400 PPS
17,500 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€17,800
€14,200
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€9,522M
€1,087M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€822M
€83M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€20,179M
€1,682M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€282M
€299M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€17M
€33M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€384M
€495M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€375M
€651M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€1,607M
€2,159M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€46,807
€36,220
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€557M
€663M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
49,330
70,600
Self-employed persons
5,660
19,480
Employment in manufacturing (C)
11,540
5,770
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
81.7%
69.9%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
20.7%
26.1%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
7.4%
9.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
65,000
76,300
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
10,244
13,016
Enterprise births
1,186
1,070
Enterprise deaths
2,393
595
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.0%
4.3%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
2.0%
1.8%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
7.3%
1.2%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.4%
1.7%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
42.1%
35.4%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
44.3%
47.0%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
23.8%
3.9%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
25.5%
19.2%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
9.2%
6.5%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
95.4%
—
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
290,214
1,026,381
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
635 /1k
418 /1k
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2,721
—
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
4,401 kt
3,696 kt
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
5 km/1000km²
20 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
2,215
—
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
82
83
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
74,896
104,934
Population aged 65+
29,040
42,852
Population aged under 15
18,934
21,098
Median age of population
45.4 yrs
46.5 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
38.8%
40.8%
Crude rate of total population change
-8.1 /1k
24.9 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-0.5 /1k
30.4 /1k
Crude birth rate
6.7 /1k
5.5 /1k
Crude death rate
14.3 /1k
11.0 /1k
Live births
828
911
Deaths
1,766
1,832
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
64.1%
60.9%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.33
1.09
Population density (persons per km²)
—
34 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
—
124,039
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
21.8%
25.3%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
79.4 yrs
83.6 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
19.5%
22.0%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
—
472 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,322 /100k
869 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
238 /100k
201 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.8 /100k
0.6 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
5.7 /100k
1.8 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
—
12.8 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
543 /100k
83.8 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
50 /M
60 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.36
0.56
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.54
0.42
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.52
0.49
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.60
0.32
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.87
0.24
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.119/kWh
€0.143/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.053/kWh
€0.039/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
114 m
838 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
0 days/yr
20 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
140 days/yr
48 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
24 days/yr