NUTS-3 DED51 · Germany
Population
611,8502025
GDP
€29,213M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
5.2%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
81.2%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
296.5 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
DED51 · AT221
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Leipzig, Kreisfreie Stadt (Opportunity 63). Runner-up: Graz (57). Contrarian pick: Graz — leads the set on Economic base (EU pctl 92).
#2Graz
Strengths
Economic base (92) · Demographic outlook (85)
Red flags
Cost advantage (EU bottom 15%)
Air quality (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Leipzig, Kreisfreie Stadt
Its weakest dimension is Industrial base (EU pctl 25) — Graz may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Graz · Manufacturing → Graz · Office → Leipzig, Kreisfreie Stadt · Residential → Graz.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
62.6
57.0
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
53.0
80.3
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
49.0
48.6
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
37.3
12.3
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
63.0
48.3
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
69.0
66.5
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
54.4
45.4
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
1.0% 5y
1.4% 5y
Population
0.6% 5y
1.0% 5y
Unemployment rate
3.9% 5y
2.6% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€47,745
€58,981
Population density
2,063 /km²
387 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 87 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€26,683M
€24,923M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€20M
€103M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€3,717M
€5,709M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€3,014M
€5,012M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,123M
€1,420M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€6,593M
€4,921M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€24,700
€30,700
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
43,000 PPS
53,000 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€48,200
€59,800
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€9,129M
€15,264M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,577M
€3,445M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€24,874M
€31,076M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€7,752M
€6,199M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€7,479M
€6,570M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€25,096M
€24,370M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€84,108
€101,920
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€5,994M
€7,074M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
365,780
295,900
Self-employed persons
26,510
27,500
Employment in manufacturing (C)
28,180
45,200
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
80.7%
78.7%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
—
11.3%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
5.2%
5.0%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
338,900
251,900
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
22,140
33,165
Enterprise births
2,094
2,203
Enterprise deaths
2,135
1,725
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.1%
2.3%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
2.1%
5.3%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
6.2%
5.9%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.2%
3.1%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
39.7%
34.9%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
47.1%
43.8%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
12.6%
16.1%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
27.1%
23.4%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
9.4%
10.3%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
—
94.7%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
3,818,853
1,990,717
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
478 /1k
626 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
11,608 kt
15,531 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,660
6
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
271
1
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
—
19 km/1000km²
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
14
13
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
409,586
318,525
Population aged 65+
119,846
86,289
Population aged under 15
82,418
65,154
Median age of population
39.8 yrs
41.3 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
29.3%
27.1%
Crude rate of total population change
6.3 /1k
7.5 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
9.5 /1k
7.1 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.9 /1k
9.0 /1k
Crude death rate
11.1 /1k
8.6 /1k
Live births
4,811
4,209
Deaths
6,751
4,049
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
49.4%
47.5%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.01
1.23
Population density (persons per km²)
2,082 /km²
391 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
559,911
488,461
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
20.6%
18.9%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
81.4 yrs
82.4 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
17.4%
15.6%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
—
723 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,076 /100k
954 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
239 /100k
228 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.8 /100k
0.9 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
92.6 /100k
31.5 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
889 /100k
690 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
2,336 /100k
1,368 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
35 /M
50 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.78
1.74
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.56
1.40
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.58
1.64
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.82
1.37
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.53
0.60
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.161/kWh
€0.156/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.055/kWh
€0.049/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
116 m
368 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
12 days/yr
10 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
57 days/yr
87 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
6 days/yr