Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€6,260M
€7,305M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€12M
€172M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€2,113M
€3,086M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,003M
€2,019M
GVA — construction (F)
€323M
€507M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,209M
€1,385M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€25,000
€24,800
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
42,300 PPS
39,000 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€47,400
€43,800
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€8,110M
€15,488M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,529M
€2,294M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€23,975M
€40,875M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,091M
€1,055M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,513M
€1,100M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€5,691M
€6,403M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€83,793
€101,813
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,332M
€1,608M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
85,990
82,720
Self-employed persons
5,770
6,100
Employment in manufacturing (C)
21,710
15,400
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
77.9%
78.8%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
—
6.7%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
4.1%
4.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
71,000
87,100
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
28.1%
25.4%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
29.6%
28.9%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
9.0%
7.4%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
19.9%
16.9%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.1%
6.5%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
646 /1k
573 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
3,849 kt
17,981 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,198
1,422
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
94 km/1000km²
26 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
831
779
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
76
27
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
4
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
87,425
108,511
Population aged 65+
38,740
50,454
Population aged under 15
17,927
23,486
Median age of population
49.9 yrs
51.1 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
44.3%
46.5%
Crude rate of total population change
-2.7 /1k
-1.2 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
4.8 /1k
7.4 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.3 /1k
5.5 /1k
Crude death rate
14.8 /1k
14.1 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
64.8%
68.1%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.33
1.34
Population density (persons per km²)
345 /km²
130 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
125,352
150,408
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.7 /100k
1.1 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
22.1 /100k
42.1 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
207 /100k
510 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
863 /100k
1,024 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
24 /M
52 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.78
1.78
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.56
1.56
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.58
1.58
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.82
1.82
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.53
0.53