Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€141,628M
€177,543M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€87M
€13M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€19,635M
€17,737M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€16,072M
€12,521M
GVA — construction (F)
€3,964M
€5,355M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€45,176M
€60,925M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€29,900
€29,600
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
75,000 PPS
110,200 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€84,200
€119,700
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€27,332M
€192,308M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,502M
€9,999M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€78,264M
€456,581M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€12,347M
€15,798M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€8,654M
€31,637M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€46,715M
€75,990M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€26,051M
€17,524M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€129,374M
€182,611M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€123,586
€158,597
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€27,755M
€44,750M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
1,358,510
1,273,700
Self-employed persons
103,250
68,400
Employment in manufacturing (C)
109,100
69,700
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
78.7%
76.6%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
8.3%
21.2%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
5.3%
8.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
1,035,700
853,000
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
43.0%
58.6%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
48.7%
72.7%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
11.4%
18.0%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
31.4%
40.1%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
12.4%
14.1%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
435 /1k
433 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
54,626 kt
8,325 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
5,196
3,911
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
104 km/1000km²
52 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
279
234
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
7
17
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
4
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
1,260,836
1,115,651
Population aged 65+
336,092
275,311
Population aged under 15
265,637
277,313
Median age of population
41.0 yrs
39.1 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
26.7%
24.7%
Crude rate of total population change
5.9 /1k
4.1 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
6.5 /1k
-1.5 /1k
Crude birth rate
9.5 /1k
11.9 /1k
Crude death rate
10.0 /1k
6.3 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
47.7%
49.5%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.24
1.59
Population density (persons per km²)
2,616 /km²
9,680 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
2,101,740
1,591,767
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
0.4 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
127 /100k
89.3 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
469 /100k
359 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
3,255 /100k
2,225 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
21 /M
21 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.78
1.46
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.56
1.27
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.58
1.02
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.82
1.39
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.53
0.02