Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€12,312M
€10,003M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€116M
€26M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€6,256M
€3,405M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€6,084M
€3,182M
GVA — construction (F)
€460M
€529M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,616M
€1,847M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€30,000
€26,600
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
54,500 PPS
38,400 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€61,100
€43,100
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€25,503M
€10,597M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€7,289M
€1,976M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€52,964M
€25,139M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,105M
€2,177M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,758M
€2,018M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€11,674M
€9,522M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€111,287
€89,762
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€3,446M
€2,612M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
127,710
129,170
Self-employed persons
11,080
10,450
Employment in manufacturing (C)
40,490
35,150
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
83.3%
78.7%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
2.9%
2.7%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
121,200
136,300
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
40.3%
32.5%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
47.4%
38.2%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
9.9%
10.6%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
27.6%
22.4%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
11.4%
7.3%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
639 /1k
641 /1k
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2,266
1,727
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
3,132 kt
9,736 kt
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
1,026
680
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
11
70
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
3
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
135,822
158,730
Population aged 65+
53,952
59,223
Population aged under 15
31,030
36,121
Median age of population
47.1 yrs
46.7 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
39.7%
37.3%
Crude rate of total population change
-1.8 /1k
-1.5 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
0.3 /1k
3.7 /1k
Crude birth rate
8.5 /1k
8.1 /1k
Crude death rate
10.7 /1k
13.3 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
62.6%
60.1%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.50
1.49
Population density (persons per km²)
496 /km²
239 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
208,033
245,338
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
0.4 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
20.8 /100k
26.7 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
107 /100k
161 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
812 /100k
884 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
39 /M
31 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.78
1.78
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.56
1.56
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.58
1.58
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.82
1.82
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.53
0.53