Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€66,068M
€82,686M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€26M
€9M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€21,021M
€7,933M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€19,745M
€5,837M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,694M
€1,602M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€11,084M
€24,909M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€30,800
€30,100
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
105,200 PPS
107,800 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€118,100
€120,900
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€60,881M
€49,287M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€22,211M
€7,586M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€139,588M
€137,102M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€21,304M
€36,304M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€10,937M
€11,930M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€62,694M
€80,595M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€138,848
€126,592
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€16,001M
€17,622M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
548,450
761,090
Self-employed persons
32,380
42,980
Employment in manufacturing (C)
77,320
39,890
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
82.6%
78.6%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
6.9%
6.3%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
3.6%
3.6%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
370,800
427,600
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
38.0%
37.9%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
43.1%
43.7%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
9.0%
10.5%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
26.4%
26.5%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
11.3%
9.8%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
636 /1k
612 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
10,918 kt
15,888 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,775
2,974
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
290
393
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
11
13
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
419,536
528,969
Population aged 65+
112,905
120,486
Population aged under 15
80,222
106,566
Median age of population
40.6 yrs
39.7 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
26.9%
22.8%
Crude rate of total population change
-0.7 /1k
8.5 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-0.6 /1k
7.0 /1k
Crude birth rate
8.8 /1k
9.9 /1k
Crude death rate
8.9 /1k
8.3 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
46.0%
42.9%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.12
1.19
Population density (persons per km²)
2,975 /km²
3,073 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
647,415
895,965
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.3 /100k
2.7 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
107 /100k
170 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
359 /100k
594 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,801 /100k
2,826 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
27 /M
27 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.78
1.78
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.56
1.56
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.58
1.58
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.82
1.82
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.53
0.53