NUTS-3 FRK25 · France
Loire
Loire generates €26bn of GDP across 776.3k residents. Its Opportunity Index of 57.8/100 is mid-table of EU regions, led by economic scale and livability. Its economy has grown +3.1%/yr over five years and accelerating, with the employment rate up 3.3pp. On quality of life it ranks strongest for health (95th EU percentile) and weakest for jobs (31.5th).
Long-run trajectory · EU percentile of real GDP per head, 1995–2024
Mid-field stable49 → 47 EU percentile since 1995 (-1 ranks)
Yearly EU-wide percentile of real GDP per head (ARDECO regional accounts, constant 2020 prices, derived over population). 50 = the EU median that year; percentiles are scale-free, so decades are directly comparable. See the backtest for what long-run prosperity ranks do — and don't — anticipate.
Mandate pillar profile · EU percentiles (screener dimensions)
Talent & skills90
Energy cost88
Demographic outlook72
Resilience67
Quality of life59
Connectivity55
Industrial base53
Digital readiness51
Cost advantage50
Air quality48
Economic base41
Labour market39
Growth momentum38
Governance38
Freight intensity25
Each bar is this region's EU percentile on a screener pillar (higher = better for siting; cost & energy are inverted so cheap scores high). These are the exact weights you tune in the Site Screener.
Opportunity Index · composite triage (experimental)
57.8
/ 100 · blends growth, livability, market access & scale · 4/4 pillars
Growth38.2
Livability59
Market access48
Economic scale86
Equal-weighted mean of four EU-percentile pillars (deliberately orthogonal: growth=trend, livability=quality, market=distance-weighted demand proxy, scale=absolute GDP). Experimental — a screening triage, not investment advice.
Resilience Index · downside / risk lens (experimental)
66.8
/ 100 · higher = more resilient to downturns · 4/4 pillars
GDP stability86
Labour stability84
Diversification41
Demographic stability56
Inverse of GDP-growth & unemployment volatility (since 2008, incl. 2009/2020 shocks), economic diversification (inverse HHI) and population stability — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher withstands downturns better. Experimental.
Connectivity Index · transit · air · market access (experimental)
55
/ 100 · higher = better-connected · 3/3 facets
Transit density82
Airport access35
Market access48
Public-transport stop density, proximity to a major airport, and gravity access to surrounding economic mass — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = better-connected. Experimental.
Talent & Human Capital Index · skills base (experimental)
89.8
/ 100 · higher = deeper skills base than more EU regions · 4/4 facets
Young tertiary95
Lifelong learning81
Knowledge workers95
Scientists & engineers88
Young tertiary attainment (25–34), adult lifelong learning, knowledge-worker share and scientists & engineers — each EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = deeper talent pool. Experimental.
Clean-Air Score · air-quality livability (experimental)
48.3
/ 100 · higher = cleaner air than more EU regions · 3/3 pollutants
PM2.58.5 µg/m³
PM1013.4 µg/m³
NO215.2 µg/m³
PM2.5, PM10 & NO2 annual means from official monitoring networks, inverted (lower pollution = higher) and EU-percentile-ranked. Higher = cleaner air; ground-level ozone is shown separately. Experimental.
Quality of Life · composite (experimental)
59
/ 100 · EU-relative · 7/7 pillars
Economy45.5
Jobs31.5
Education89.5
Health95
Safety34.7
Connectivity66.5
Environment50.3
Equal-weighted percentile across 6 pillars vs all EU NUTS-3; lower-is-better indicators (crime, unemployment, mortality) inverted. Experimental — regional screening only.
Growth momentum · trend analytics
38.2
/ 100 momentum · EU-relative · 5/5 signals
GDP growth · 5-yr
+3.1%
CAGR, nominal
GDP growth · 10-yr
+2.5%
CAGR, nominal
Acceleration
+0.6 pp
5-yr vs 10-yr
vs country avg
-0.6 pp
inflation-adj.
Population · 5-yr
+0.2%
CAGR
Employment rate
+3.3 pp
5-yr change
Unemployment
-0.4 pp
5-yr change
Compound annual growth to the latest available year vs all EU NUTS-3; GDP is nominal EUR (“vs country avg” removes most national inflation). Screening signal, not a forecast.
Economic structure · gross value added by sector
Dominant: Finance · real estate · prof. · 30.2%Diversified · HHI 2306
Agriculture 1.1%Industry 19.5%Construction 7.1%Trade · transport · ICT 14.8%Finance · real estate · prof. 30.2%Public · health · education 27.3%
Share of total GVA (latest year). HHI = sum of squared sector shares ×10,000; higher means a more concentrated, single-sector-dependent economy (more cyclicality risk).
Trends · 2009–2024
GDP (current prices)
€25,880M2024
2.4% 1y 3.1% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 86
Real GDP (2020 prices)
€23,133M2025
0.8% 1y 1.3% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 87
Population
776,3292025
0.1% 1y 0.2% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 90
Unemployment rate
7.1%2025
4.4% 1y 1.1% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 76
Employment
302,9002024
0.8% 1y 0.9% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 86
Productivity / employee
€87,0792025
1.9% 1y 3.1% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 59
Gross value added
€23,119M2024
2.0% 1y 3.4% 5y CAGR
EU percentile 86
All indicators · 88 more metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€23,119M
2024 · EU pctl 86
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€259M
2024 · EU pctl 68
GVA — industry (B–E)
€4,501M
2024 · EU pctl 85
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€4,101M
2024 · EU pctl 88
GVA — construction (F)
€1,652M
2024 · EU pctl 91
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€3,418M
2024 · EU pctl 78
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source)
€24,600
2023 · EU pctl 50 · NUTS-2 src
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
30,700 PPS
2024 · EU pctl 41
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€33,300
2024 · EU pctl 45
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy)
€66,409M
2024 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C)
€8,444M
2024 · EU pctl 91 · NUTS-2 src
Compensation of employees (total wage bill)
€150,675M
2024 · EU pctl 96 · NUTS-2 src
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€4,096M
2024 · EU pctl 90
GVA — information & communication (J)
€337M
2024 · EU pctl 67
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€6,982M
2024 · EU pctl 90
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€6,306M
2024 · EU pctl 90
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€23,133M
2025 · EU pctl 87
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€87,079
2025 · EU pctl 59
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€5,839M
2025 · EU pctl 86
Labour market
Employment, total persons
302,900
2024 · EU pctl 86
Self-employed persons
35,900
2024 · EU pctl 77
Employment in manufacturing (C)
45,500
2024 · EU pctl 85
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source)
77.4%
2025 · EU pctl 47 · NUTS-2 src
Youth unemployment rate (15–24)
16.9%
2025 · EU pctl 60 · NUTS-2 src
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
7.1%
2025 · EU pctl 76
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
357,400
2025 · EU pctl 89
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
54,236
2023 · EU pctl 87
Enterprise births
7,013
2023 · EU pctl 91
Enterprise deaths
5,575
2023 · EU pctl 90
3-year enterprise survival rate
6.5%
2023 · EU pctl 95
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP
3.0%
2023 · EU pctl 84 · NUTS-2 src
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total)
5.6%
2025 · EU pctl 73 · NUTS-2 src
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE)
2.2%
2023 · EU pctl 85 · NUTS-2 src
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64
49.4%
2025 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool)
60.1%
2025 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks)
17.4%
2025 · EU pctl 81 · NUTS-2 src
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force)
34.0%
2025 · EU pctl 95 · NUTS-2 src
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force)
11.9%
2025 · EU pctl 88 · NUTS-2 src
Digital
Households with internet access
95.6%
2025 · EU pctl 51 · NUTS-2 src
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
931,307
2025 · EU pctl 51
Mobility
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
13,801 kt
2025 · EU pctl 75
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
5,979
CURRENT · EU pctl 98
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
770
CURRENT · EU pctl 82
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²)
29 km/1000km²
2024 · EU pctl 65 · NUTS-2 src
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
68
CURRENT · EU pctl 65
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
CURRENT · EU pctl 50
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
460,155
2025 · EU pctl 89
Population aged 65+
184,198
2025 · EU pctl 92
Population aged under 15
131,976
2025 · EU pctl 93
Median age of population
43.7 yrs
2025 · EU pctl 24
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
40.0%
2025 · EU pctl 68
Crude rate of total population change
1.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 52
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
2.2 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 28
Crude birth rate
9.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 90
Crude death rate
10.4 /1k
2024 · EU pctl 29
Live births
7,304
2024 · EU pctl 93
Deaths
8,082
2024 · EU pctl 91
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
68.7%
2025 · EU pctl 88
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.71
2024 · EU pctl 95
Population density (persons per km²)
163 /km²
2024 · EU pctl 58
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
786,693
2100 · EU pctl 91
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants
511 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 56 · NUTS-2 src
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate)
771 /100k
2021 · EU pctl 2 · NUTS-2 src
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate)
204 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 12 · NUTS-2 src
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.8 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 56
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
90.3 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 92
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
611 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 95
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,739 /100k
2024 · EU pctl 86
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants
47 /M pop
2024 · EU pctl 54 · NUTS-2 src
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.46
2022 · EU pctl 44
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.27
2022 · EU pctl 39
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.02
2022 · EU pctl 37
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.39
2022 · EU pctl 43
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.02
2022 · EU pctl 0
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.107/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 12
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.053/kWh
2025-S2 · EU pctl 44
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
363 m
CURRENT · EU pctl 68
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
28 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 83
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
49 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 40
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
5 days/yr
CLIM_2014_2023 · EU pctl 64
Environment
PM10 (coarse particulate matter) annual mean concentration — mean across EEA air-quality monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
13
2024 · EU pctl 34
NO2 (nitrogen dioxide) annual mean concentration — a traffic / combustion pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data). Lower is better.
15
2024 · EU pctl 68
O3 (ground-level ozone) annual mean concentration — a summer-smog pollutant; mean across EEA monitoring stations within the region (verified E1a data).
51
2024 · EU pctl 33
Industrial facilities per 100k inhabitants (E-PRTR)
70.0 /100k
2023 · EU pctl 81
Population in the 100-year river floodplain (% of residents, EFAS × census grid)
1.7%
2021 · EU pctl 34
Similar regions · nearest peers on standardised NUTS-3 indicators
Other France regions