NUTS-3 PL841 · Poland
Population
487,2142025
GDP
€8,463M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
2.6%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
77.8%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
5,129.8 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
PL841 · HU321
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Hajdú-Bihar (Opportunity 44). Runner-up: Białostocki (42). Contrarian pick: Białostocki — leads the set on Energy cost (EU pctl 79).
Strengths
Cost advantage (94) · Growth momentum (76)
Red flags
Digital readiness (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Energy cost (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Hajdú-Bihar
Digital readiness (EU bottom 15%); Governance (EU bottom 15%); Energy cost (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Energy cost (EU pctl 2) — Białostocki may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Hajdú-Bihar leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
42.4
43.8
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
30.3
41.5
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
42.9
26.3
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
35.0
—
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
17.7
51.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
47.5
23.8
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
61.8
76.0
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
4.2% 5y
3.2% 5y
Population
0.8% 5y
0.2% 5y
Unemployment rate
2.2% 5y
2.9% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€17,371
€16,049
Population density
95 /km²
84 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€7,647M
€7,173M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€312M
€521M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,531M
€1,398M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,214M
€1,240M
GVA — construction (F)
€553M
€556M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€2,345M
€1,393M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€10,500
€9,300
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
25,300 PPS
22,700 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€17,100
€16,000
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€3,841M
€7,214M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€446M
€3,008M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€6,485M
€7,834M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
—
€896M
GVA — information & communication (J)
—
€210M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,121M
€1,579M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,784M
€1,726M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€7,312M
€6,299M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€45,068
€41,553
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€2,257M
€2,937M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
238,200
212,330
Self-employed persons
55,900
22,420
Employment in manufacturing (C)
34,000
37,160
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
73.0%
77.0%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
—
15.3%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
2.6%
6.1%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
231,100
261,900
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
38,107
41,836
Enterprise births
4,521
3,982
Enterprise deaths
4,621
1,073
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.8%
6.6%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
0.9%
0.8%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
2.6%
4.3%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
0.5%
0.6%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
37.4%
23.4%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
40.4%
26.0%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
9.1%
11.0%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
25.4%
17.5%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
8.2%
6.1%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
97.1%
91.2%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
490,643
1,568,566
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
581 /1k
395 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
15,441 kt
7,633 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,122
1,277
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
0 km/1000km²
15 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
230
246
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
135
9
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
311,543
339,013
Population aged 65+
100,793
102,657
Population aged under 15
74,878
78,459
Median age of population
43.2 yrs
43.0 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
32.4%
30.3%
Crude rate of total population change
-0.9 /1k
-0.8 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
1.7 /1k
2.8 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.4 /1k
9.3 /1k
Crude death rate
10.1 /1k
12.9 /1k
Live births
3,607
4,840
Deaths
4,908
6,730
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
56.4%
53.4%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.18
1.54
Population density (persons per km²)
95 /km²
85 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
453,322
489,965
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
23.5%
28.4%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
79.3 yrs
75.5 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
21.7%
22.1%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
629 /100k
603 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,519 /100k
1,761 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
252 /100k
335 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.2 /100k
0.6 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
11.9 /100k
4.8 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
86.1 /100k
—
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
159 /100k
361 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
54 /M
60 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.52
0.66
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.69
0.29
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.35
0.24
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.67
0.04
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.54
0.67
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.113/kWh
€0.171/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.064/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
136 m
104 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
6 days/yr
28 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
100 days/yr
67 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
3 days/yr
3 days/yr