NUTS-3 PL523 · Poland
Population
329,9092025
GDP
€4,243M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
3.5%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
78.8%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
4,096.5 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
PL523 · HU312
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Nyski (Opportunity 36). Runner-up: Heves (32). Contrarian pick: Heves — leads the set on Cost advantage (EU pctl 96).
#1Nyski
Strengths
Cost advantage (91) · Industrial base (81)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
#2Heves
Strengths
Cost advantage (96) · Industrial base (91)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Energy cost (EU bottom 15%)
Resilience (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Nyski
Economic base (EU bottom 15%); Governance (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Economic base (EU pctl 6) — Heves may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Nyski leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
36.1
32.0
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
31.8
14.5
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
32.3
21.8
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
31.3
40.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
41.8
17.5
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
52.2
49.2
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
3.1% 5y
0.8% 5y
Population
1.8% 5y
0.6% 5y
Unemployment rate
0.6% 5y
16.9% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€12,862
€15,363
Population density
81 /km²
78 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 88 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€3,834M
€3,729M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€243M
€119M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,183M
€1,516M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,012M
€1,212M
GVA — construction (F)
€268M
€201M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€769M
€586M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€10,900
€8,700
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
18,400 PPS
21,600 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€12,500
€15,300
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€3,210M
€3,870M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,188M
€1,489M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€5,945M
€6,296M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
—
€323M
GVA — information & communication (J)
—
€37M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€583M
€534M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€790M
€773M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€3,591M
€3,213M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€41,669
€40,750
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,088M
€1,119M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
123,200
112,560
Self-employed persons
25,200
10,010
Employment in manufacturing (C)
30,400
39,650
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
75.6%
75.3%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
—
16.8%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
3.4%
7.0%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
160,600
134,700
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
18,197
20,291
Enterprise births
1,980
1,863
Enterprise deaths
2,554
592
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.6%
5.3%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
0.8%
0.7%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
1.8%
4.3%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
0.5%
0.4%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
34.2%
21.1%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
36.7%
20.9%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
5.0%
11.5%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
26.1%
15.4%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
9.0%
4.3%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
96.0%
93.2%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
318,170
1,428,444
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
658 /1k
400 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
13,435 kt
4,784 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
54
1,387
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
9 km/1000km²
19 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
16
491
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
65
73
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
209,884
179,240
Population aged 65+
76,399
62,513
Population aged under 15
43,626
40,737
Median age of population
45.7 yrs
45.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
36.4%
34.9%
Crude rate of total population change
-8.8 /1k
-9.0 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-1.6 /1k
-2.7 /1k
Crude birth rate
5.6 /1k
8.4 /1k
Crude death rate
12.8 /1k
14.8 /1k
Live births
1,844
2,395
Deaths
4,234
4,203
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
57.2%
57.6%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.01
1.52
Population density (persons per km²)
82 /km²
80 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
201,924
239,753
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
13.9%
30.5%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
78.6 yrs
75.1 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
12.3%
23.2%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
533 /100k
696 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,431 /100k
1,883 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
267 /100k
334 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.3 /100k
0.3 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
8.7 /100k
12.6 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
157 /100k
—
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
203 /100k
1,440 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
51 /M
52 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.52
0.66
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.69
0.29
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.35
0.24
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.67
0.04
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.54
0.67
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.113/kWh
€0.171/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.064/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
233 m
164 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
7 days/yr
19 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
78 days/yr
74 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
4 days/yr
4 days/yr