NUTS-3 PL432 · Poland
Population
585,1732025
GDP
€9,926M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
2%2019
Employment· NUTS-2 source
78.3%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
7,878.6 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
PL432 · PL713
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Zielonogórski (Opportunity 51). Runner-up: Piotrkowski (48). Contrarian pick: Piotrkowski — leads the set on Freight intensity (EU pctl 87).
Strengths
Cost advantage (93) · Freight intensity (79)
Red flags
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Strengths
Freight intensity (87) · Cost advantage (84)
Red flags
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Zielonogórski
Governance (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Governance (EU pctl 14) — Piotrkowski may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Zielonogórski leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
50.6
47.5
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
19.8
16.0
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
34.1
34.4
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
34.7
18.0
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
23.3
36.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
25.3
58.0
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
70.4
54.6
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
4.2% 5y
2.6% 5y
Population
1.2% 5y
1.4% 5y
Unemployment rate
10.0% 5y
3.2% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€16,963
€20,032
Population density
74 /km²
90 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 87 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€8,969M
€9,747M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€269M
€514M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€3,170M
€4,374M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,166M
€1,908M
GVA — construction (F)
€567M
€596M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€2,181M
€1,825M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€10,200
€12,000
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
24,100 PPS
28,700 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€16,300
€19,400
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€3,343M
€7,147M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€759M
€1,531M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€6,207M
€16,889M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,157M
€1,112M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,624M
€1,325M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€8,715M
€9,002M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€47,519
€57,293
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€2,486M
€1,991M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
267,500
234,200
Self-employed persons
43,600
48,700
Employment in manufacturing (C)
58,300
51,000
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
72.3%
76.6%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
—
13.1%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
1.3%
3.4%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
274,700
265,100
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
40,035
31,373
Enterprise births
4,652
3,265
Enterprise deaths
5,530
3,849
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.5%
5.6%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
0.5%
1.0%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
2.3%
4.8%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
0.3%
0.8%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
31.6%
37.7%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
34.4%
41.8%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
4.4%
10.1%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
21.3%
26.4%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.3%
9.6%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
95.9%
94.0%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
731,125
547,719
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
685 /1k
632 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
25,755 kt
27,267 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
93
45
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
10 km/1000km²
15 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
16
8
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
110
49
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
374,986
342,302
Population aged 65+
127,007
118,813
Population aged under 15
83,180
77,367
Median age of population
44.2 yrs
44.6 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
33.9%
34.7%
Crude rate of total population change
-4.1 /1k
-7.2 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
0.8 /1k
-1.3 /1k
Crude birth rate
6.2 /1k
6.4 /1k
Crude death rate
11.1 /1k
12.2 /1k
Live births
3,660
3,435
Deaths
6,534
6,609
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
56.1%
57.3%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.10
1.18
Population density (persons per km²)
75 /km²
91 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
398,716
354,365
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
13.3%
16.8%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
78.0 yrs
77.5 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
11.3%
14.9%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
487 /100k
551 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,598 /100k
1,585 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
268 /100k
267 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.7 /100k
0.7 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
12.9 /100k
9.0 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
232 /100k
139 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
306 /100k
170 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
68 /M
61 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.52
0.52
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.69
0.69
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.35
0.35
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.67
0.67
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.54
0.54
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.113/kWh
€0.113/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.064/kWh
€0.064/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
78 m
194 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
11 days/yr
9 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
66 days/yr
85 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
3 days/yr