Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€20,313M
€23,853M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€110M
€598M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€2,972M
€3,205M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,764M
€3,021M
GVA — construction (F)
€2,184M
€1,263M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€5,739M
€6,052M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€26,500
€27,000
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
50,800 PPS
44,700 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€59,200
€52,100
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€47,953M
€30,094M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€3,533M
€4,238M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€103,312M
€73,167M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€1,356M
€1,879M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€418M
€349M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€4,555M
€5,995M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€3,385M
€5,095M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
210,600
288,900
Self-employed persons
32,500
46,500
Employment in manufacturing (C)
20,600
25,300
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
84.3%
86.3%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
11.4%
7.8%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
47.3%
43.9%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
56.7%
54.7%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
26.5%
25.0%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
33.0%
29.5%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
13.2%
13.1%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
440 /1k
565 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
10,402 kt
16,462 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,066
977
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
134 km/1000km²
102 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
279
191
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
28
27
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
4
6
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
241,002
331,747
Population aged 65+
78,792
106,156
Population aged under 15
63,000
74,067
Median age of population
42.2 yrs
42.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
32.7%
32.0%
Crude rate of total population change
4.5 /1k
8.8 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
3.9 /1k
9.5 /1k
Crude birth rate
10.2 /1k
8.9 /1k
Crude death rate
9.7 /1k
9.6 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
58.8%
54.3%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.65
1.38
Population density (persons per km²)
1,067 /km²
555 /km²