Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€32,397M
€30,367M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€230M
€135M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€3,921M
€1,672M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€3,180M
€744M
GVA — construction (F)
€2,050M
€2,363M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€10,879M
€10,997M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€17,900
€19,100
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
53,000 PPS
39,400 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€41,500
€35,100
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€7,420M
€9,927M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€432M
€144M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€17,804M
€19,108M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€1,896M
—
GVA — information & communication (J)
€2,913M
—
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€8,593M
€9,125M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€6,724M
€6,075M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€26,296M
€30,792M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€75,780
€81,394
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€8,102M
€9,040M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
512,850
441,000
Self-employed persons
49,890
67,300
Employment in manufacturing (C)
54,860
16,600
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
82.0%
77.3%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
11.7%
17.1%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
5.1%
8.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
520,400
525,300
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
65.6%
35.2%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
77.4%
43.2%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
12.6%
16.7%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
41.0%
20.5%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
15.8%
6.7%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
562 /1k
616 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
10,313 kt
17,741 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
3,662
1,576
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
12 km/1000km²
19 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
418
162
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
21
15
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
582,521
672,172
Population aged 65+
156,408
167,508
Population aged under 15
137,798
131,388
Median age of population
41.5 yrs
43.2 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
26.9%
24.9%
Crude rate of total population change
9.7 /1k
13.8 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
13.1 /1k
14.0 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.4 /1k
7.4 /1k
Crude death rate
10.8 /1k
7.5 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
50.5%
44.5%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.10
1.11
Population density (persons per km²)
93 /km²
266 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
712,307
1,372,937
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
3.3 /100k
0.6 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
20.5 /100k
116 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
30.8 /100k
271 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
653 /100k
959 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
29 /M
50 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.94
1.14
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.19
0.84
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.23
0.96
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.86
0.78
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.96
0.16