NUTS-3 ITF65 · Italy
Population
512,9562025
GDP
€11,380M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
9.8%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
50.3%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
3,171.1 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ITF65 · PL224
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Częstochowski (Opportunity 47). Runner-up: Reggio Calabria (38). Contrarian pick: Reggio Calabria — leads the set on Demographic outlook (EU pctl 67).
Strengths
Industrial base (83) · Cost advantage (82)
Red flags
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Strengths
Cost advantage (72) · Demographic outlook (67)
Red flags
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Talent & skills (EU bottom 15%)
Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%)
Industrial base (EU bottom 15%)
Digital readiness (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Częstochowski
Governance (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Governance (EU pctl 14) — Reggio Calabria may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Częstochowski leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
38.1
47.2
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
27.8
25.0
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
27.7
37.5
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
—
15.7
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
25.7
40.3
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
13.0
56.5
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
45.6
61.2
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
2.8% 5y
2.3% 5y
Population
0.7% 5y
1.5% 5y
Unemployment rate
7.1% 5y
5.2% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€22,185
€17,861
Population density
162 /km²
155 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€10,223M
€7,611M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€640M
€185M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€589M
€2,275M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€421M
€2,077M
GVA — construction (F)
€568M
€602M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€3,163M
€2,093M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€16,400
€12,700
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
22,800 PPS
25,500 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€22,000
€17,300
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€8,676M
€14,344M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€460M
€4,197M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€14,341M
€36,613M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€1,319M
—
GVA — information & communication (J)
€79M
—
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,265M
€1,151M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€2,996M
€1,305M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€10,324M
€7,076M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€67,706
€46,944
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€2,567M
€1,590M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
173,200
216,500
Self-employed persons
48,900
34,600
Employment in manufacturing (C)
8,500
51,800
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
51.7%
73.1%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
28.1%
9.3%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
9.8%
2.6%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
173,700
219,300
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
30,301
35,420
Enterprise births
2,771
3,545
Enterprise deaths
1,785
4,671
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.5%
5.2%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
0.6%
1.0%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
1.3%
5.2%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
0.5%
0.8%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
18.6%
38.4%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
25.7%
43.1%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
9.2%
6.3%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
16.1%
28.5%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
4.7%
10.8%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
88.0%
96.1%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
726,315
387,509
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
750 /1k
602 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
3,316 kt
15,756 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,291
52
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
19 km/1000km²
21 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
252
11
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
78
38
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
322,860
297,566
Population aged 65+
123,346
113,143
Population aged under 15
66,750
60,884
Median age of population
47.4 yrs
46.5 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
38.2%
38.0%
Crude rate of total population change
-4.3 /1k
-8.1 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-0.4 /1k
-0.6 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.5 /1k
5.6 /1k
Crude death rate
11.3 /1k
13.1 /1k
Live births
3,850
2,632
Deaths
5,825
6,201
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
58.9%
58.5%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.34
1.06
Population density (persons per km²)
160 /km²
156 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
403,382
283,049
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
45.3%
10.0%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
82.7 yrs
78.0 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
32.8%
7.8%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
256 /100k
611 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
968 /100k
1,544 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
204 /100k
295 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.8 /100k
1.9 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
14.9 /100k
11.8 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
—
122 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
679 /100k
135 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
52 /M
30 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.72
0.52
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.60
0.69
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
0.35
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
0.67
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.41
0.54
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.159/kWh
€0.113/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.064/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
559 m
283 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
16 days/yr
8 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
3 days/yr
86 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
12 days/yr
3 days/yr