NUTS-3 ITC49 · Italy
Population
230,2502025
GDP
€7,489M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
3%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
75.1%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
784.2 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ITC49 · DE933
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Harburg (Opportunity 59). Runner-up: Lodi (56). Contrarian pick: Lodi — leads the set on Demographic outlook (EU pctl 80).
#1Harburg
Strengths
Resilience (72) · Labour market (72)
Red flags
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%)
Industrial base (EU bottom 15%)
#2Lodi
Strengths
Demographic outlook (80) · Industrial base (68)
Red flags
Long-run slide: down 33 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute)
Why you might not pick Harburg
Demographic outlook (EU bottom 15%); Industrial base (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Industrial base (EU pctl 11) — Lodi may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Harburg · Manufacturing → Lodi · Office → Lodi · Residential → Lodi.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
56.0
59.4
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
54.5
72.3
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
50.3
51.7
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
56.3
71.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
29.5
30.8
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
47.8
65.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
2.5% 5y
0.5% 5y
Population
0.2% 5y
0.9% 5y
Unemployment rate
13.8% 5y
0.6% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€32,527
€30,082
Population density
294 /km²
212 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 88 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€6,728M
€7,305M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€270M
€142M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,677M
€685M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,465M
€506M
GVA — construction (F)
€448M
€691M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,454M
€2,187M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€26,600
€28,400
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
34,000 PPS
27,000 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€32,700
€30,300
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€101,220M
€16,211M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€19,922M
€1,023M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€188,904M
€31,011M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€917M
—
GVA — information & communication (J)
€219M
—
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,897M
€1,992M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€983M
€1,608M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€6,819M
€6,744M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€93,866
€81,587
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,569M
€2,099M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
82,200
104,890
Self-employed persons
18,200
13,630
Employment in manufacturing (C)
15,600
7,470
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
71.7%
80.2%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
10.9%
—
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
2.9%
3.3%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
108,500
134,700
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
14,139
10,445
Enterprise births
1,084
937
Enterprise deaths
808
943
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.6%
3.8%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.2%
1.0%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
5.3%
3.5%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.6%
0.5%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
23.6%
31.6%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
34.0%
30.9%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
11.8%
8.3%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
18.7%
21.1%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
5.2%
8.4%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
96.0%
—
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
168,264
751,893
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
640 /1k
653 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
7,577 kt
8,694 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
13
1,785
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
32 km/1000km²
—
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
6
671
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
27
36
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
3
3
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
148,012
166,299
Population aged 65+
53,051
61,436
Population aged under 15
29,187
38,129
Median age of population
48.0 yrs
47.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
35.8%
36.9%
Crude rate of total population change
3.4 /1k
4.1 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
6.6 /1k
7.6 /1k
Crude birth rate
6.8 /1k
7.9 /1k
Crude death rate
10.1 /1k
11.4 /1k
Live births
1,569
2,102
Deaths
2,318
3,028
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
55.6%
59.9%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.28
1.53
Population density (persons per km²)
300 /km²
214 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
211,543
220,668
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
12.5%
20.1%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
84.4 yrs
80.7 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
9.2%
14.4%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
322 /100k
—
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
835 /100k
1,033 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
222 /100k
242 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.0 /100k
1.5 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
31.8 /100k
42.7 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
—
297 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
841 /100k
973 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
38 /M
41 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.72
1.78
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.60
1.56
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
1.58
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
1.82
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.41
0.53
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.159/kWh
€0.161/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.055/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
73 m
47 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
49 days/yr
5 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
41 days/yr
48 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
13 days/yr
3 days/yr