NUTS-3 ITC44 · Italy
Population
179,1002025
GDP
€6,560M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
3%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
75.1%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
3,198.4 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ITC44 · ITC20
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Sondrio (Opportunity 51). Runner-up: Valle d’Aosta/Vallée d’Aoste (48). Contrarian pick: Valle d’Aosta/Vallée d’Aoste — leads the set on Economic base (EU pctl 88).
#1Sondrio
Strengths
Demographic outlook (69) · Economic base (67)
Red flags
Long-run slide: down 14 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute)
Strengths
Economic base (88) · Digital readiness (64)
Red flags
Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%)
Industrial base (EU bottom 15%)
Long-run slide: down 14 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute)
Why you might not pick Sondrio
Long-run slide: down 14 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute). Its weakest dimension is Governance (EU pctl 20) — Valle d’Aosta/Vallée d’Aoste may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Valle d’Aosta/Vallée d’Aoste · Manufacturing → Sondrio · Office → Valle d’Aosta/Vallée d’Aoste · Residential → Sondrio.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
51.2
47.8
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
49.0
39.8
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
53.1
46.2
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
—
34.7
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
38.3
40.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
29.5
15.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
42.8
44.0
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
3.0% 5y
2.8% 5y
Population
0.1% 5y
0.4% 5y
Unemployment rate
11.7% 5y
7.6% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€36,627
€47,349
Population density
56 /km²
38 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 88 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€5,893M
€5,212M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€117M
€72M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,358M
€804M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,053M
€334M
GVA — construction (F)
€447M
€383M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,284M
€1,175M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€26,600
€23,400
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
38,100 PPS
48,900 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€36,700
€47,200
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€101,220M
€1,600M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€19,922M
€282M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€188,904M
€1,925M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€713M
€848M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€45M
€90M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,663M
€1,442M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,023M
€1,337M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€5,973M
€5,091M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€87,304
€94,193
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,374M
€1,624M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
77,400
62,800
Self-employed persons
19,500
16,100
Employment in manufacturing (C)
12,900
4,600
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
71.7%
74.9%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
10.9%
—
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
2.9%
3.9%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
81,800
59,400
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
13,522
11,436
Enterprise births
750
830
Enterprise deaths
689
614
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.0%
3.3%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.2%
0.5%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
5.3%
—
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.6%
0.8%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
23.6%
21.0%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
34.0%
29.0%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
11.8%
10.0%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
18.7%
14.6%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
5.2%
3.0%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
96.0%
96.2%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
4,613,133
4,519,068
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
640 /1k
1,936 /1k
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
70
13
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
4,363 kt
1,473 kt
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
39
11
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
32 km/1000km²
35 km/1000km²
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
84
63
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
111,549
76,944
Population aged 65+
46,200
31,650
Population aged under 15
21,351
13,938
Median age of population
50.0 yrs
50.5 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
41.4%
41.1%
Crude rate of total population change
1.3 /1k
-2.8 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
6.5 /1k
3.6 /1k
Crude birth rate
6.4 /1k
5.2 /1k
Crude death rate
11.6 /1k
11.6 /1k
Live births
1,148
639
Deaths
2,083
1,429
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
60.6%
59.2%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.28
1.05
Population density (persons per km²)
57 /km²
38 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
164,755
105,175
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
12.5%
5.6%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
84.4 yrs
83.2 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
9.2%
5.0%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
322 /100k
362 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
835 /100k
883 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
222 /100k
200 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.6 /100k
0.8 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
11.2 /100k
19.5 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
438 /100k
553 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
38 /M
57 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.72
0.72
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.60
0.60
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
0.57
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.57
0.57
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.41
0.41
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.159/kWh
€0.159/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
1,767 m
552 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
0 days/yr
23 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
207 days/yr
49 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
11 days/yr
15 days/yr