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2 regions side-by-side

HU331 · PL428

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NUTS-3 HU331 · Hungary
Population
488,5472025
GDP
€7,750M2024
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
4.8%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
81.3%2025
Active firms· FR-only
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
Area
8,453.8 km²
NUTS-3 PL428 · Poland
Population
485,7742025
GDP
€7,421M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
2.9%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
77.1%2025
Active firms· FR-only
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
Area
7,443.3 km²

Decision brief

Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity

Best overall fit: Szczeciński (Opportunity 46). Runner-up: Bács-Kiskun (41). Contrarian pick: Bács-Kiskun — leads the set on Cost advantage (EU pctl 94).

Strengths
Cost advantage (88) · Energy cost (79)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Strengths
Cost advantage (94) · Industrial base (80)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Digital readiness (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Energy cost (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Szczeciński
Economic base (EU bottom 15%); Governance (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Economic base (EU pctl 13) — Bács-Kiskun may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Szczeciński leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
  • Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
  • Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
  • Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
  • Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics

This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.

Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores

Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
41.4
45.9
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
40.8
29.0
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
37.4
44.7
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
32.7
46.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
16.3
46.0
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
57.0
64.0

Trajectories · 2012–latest

Real GDP (2020 prices)
0.3% 5y
2.6% 5y
Population
0.5% 5y
0.8% 5y
Unemployment rate
0.4% 5y
0.7% 5y

Derived comparisons

GDP per capita
€15,863
€15,277
Population density
58 /km²
65 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only

All indicators · 88 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)

Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€6,659M
€6,706M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€467M
€327M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,832M
€1,820M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,731M
€1,396M
GVA — construction (F)
€666M
€596M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,292M
€1,780M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€9,600
€11,200
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
22,300 PPS
21,800 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€15,800
€14,700
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€6,421M
€5,453M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,410M
€756M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€7,243M
€9,982M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€603M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€83M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,062M
€960M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,340M
€1,223M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€5,859M
€6,366M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€41,802
€44,465
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€2,709M
€1,779M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
195,950
207,400
Self-employed persons
22,400
38,700
Employment in manufacturing (C)
50,830
45,700
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
78.8%
73.3%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
17.2%
10.5%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
4.7%
2.9%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
246,500
231,900
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
39,963
34,617
Enterprise births
3,369
3,684
Enterprise deaths
990
5,058
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.9%
5.3%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.2%
0.8%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
2.8%
3.4%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
0.8%
0.5%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
24.8%
38.5%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
23.3%
40.7%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
9.4%
6.9%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
18.1%
26.0%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
4.3%
8.9%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
91.7%
95.8%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
619,277
5,786,709
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
446 /1k
599 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
8,722 kt
16,847 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2,547
652
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
12 km/1000km²
1 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
521
134
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
102
26
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
309,933
313,673
Population aged 65+
107,373
103,355
Population aged under 15
71,241
68,746
Median age of population
45.7 yrs
44.3 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
34.6%
32.9%
Crude rate of total population change
-6.3 /1k
-2.0 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-0.2 /1k
3.5 /1k
Crude birth rate
8.3 /1k
6.1 /1k
Crude death rate
14.4 /1k
11.5 /1k
Live births
4,056
2,945
Deaths
7,037
5,588
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
57.6%
54.9%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.52
1.09
Population density (persons per km²)
59 /km²
67 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
468,780
328,344
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
25.1%
15.3%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
76.5 yrs
77.9 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
19.2%
12.9%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
645 /100k
1,257 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
1,709 /100k
1,526 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
306 /100k
288 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.6 /100k
0.8 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
10.0 /100k
8.8 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
117 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
617 /100k
225 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
73 /M
62 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.66
0.52
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.29
0.69
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.24
0.35
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.04
0.67
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.67
0.54
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.171/kWh
€0.113/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.064/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
136 m
54 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
29 days/yr
5 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
65 days/yr
70 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
3 days/yr
2 days/yr