Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€68,915M
€78,862M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€123M
€119M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€8,345M
€5,394M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€5,511M
€4,229M
GVA — construction (F)
€2,529M
€2,658M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€20,091M
€26,045M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€18,600
€18,600
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
67,200 PPS
51,500 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€47,600
€42,300
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€12,429M
€17,975M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,051M
€1,159M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€31,410M
€41,675M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€8,594M
€8,268M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€6,915M
€7,746M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€25,310M
€28,718M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€12,517M
€15,927M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€60,734M
—
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€50,811
—
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€11,934M
—
Labour market
Employment, total persons
1,668,320
1,353,540
Self-employed persons
67,050
147,780
Employment in manufacturing (C)
119,430
63,570
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
81.4%
81.1%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
13.0%
20.9%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
3.2%
—
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
949,100
—
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
59.3%
43.3%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
62.0%
49.0%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
16.2%
20.1%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
46.9%
31.5%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
16.6%
14.0%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
429 /1k
—
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
13,227 kt
11,122 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
5,383
11,393
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
120 km/1000km²
—
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
319
528
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
11
13
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
1,128,114
1,373,075
Population aged 65+
350,479
473,716
Population aged under 15
206,616
309,821
Median age of population
44.0 yrs
44.9 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
31.1%
34.5%
Crude rate of total population change
-0.6 /1k
24.0 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
4.1 /1k
23.6 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.5 /1k
9.1 /1k
Crude death rate
12.2 /1k
8.7 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
49.4%
57.1%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.07
1.65
Population density (persons per km²)
3,305 /km²
1,620 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
1,540,845
—
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.8 /100k
0.7 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
10.8 /100k
187 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
—
125 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
928 /100k
895 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
25 /M
28 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.66
—
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.29
—
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.24
—
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.04
—
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.67
—