NUTS-3 FRJ28 · France
Population
267,1662025
GDP
€7,583M2024
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
6.5%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
77.3%2025
Active firms
62,5762026
Cadastral parcels
685,1852026
Area
3,730 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
FRJ28 · NL323
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: IJmond (Opportunity 65). Runner-up: Tarn-et-Garonne (45). Contrarian pick: Tarn-et-Garonne — leads the set on Energy cost (EU pctl 88).
#1IJmond
Strengths
Talent & skills (97) · Labour market (95)
Red flags
Long-run slide: down 17 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute)
Strengths
Talent & skills (92) · Energy cost (88)
Red flags
Long-run slide: down 12 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute)
Why you might not pick IJmond
Long-run slide: down 17 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute). Its weakest dimension is Cost advantage (EU pctl 25) — Tarn-et-Garonne may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
IJmond leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
45.3
64.7
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
65.5
63.5
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
54.8
64.9
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
65.7
25.3
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
37.0
69.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
91.8
96.5
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
49.2
46.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
2.6% 5y
2.6% 5y
Population
0.4% 5y
0.3% 5y
Unemployment rate
3.4% 5y
1.0% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€28,384
€42,994
Population density
72 /km²
1,127 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
2,565
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
234
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€6,763M
€7,813M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€171M
€69M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,123M
€1,974M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€616M
€1,394M
GVA — construction (F)
€490M
€514M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,285M
€1,367M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€23,600
€28,000
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
26,000 PPS
37,000 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€28,300
€43,100
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€27,134M
€41,901M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€3,274M
€3,039M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€63,709M
€104,822M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€1,111M
€855M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€128M
€76M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,843M
€1,913M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,851M
€1,509M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€6,843M
€7,464M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€76,977
€98,737
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,691M
€1,638M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
100,400
92,200
Self-employed persons
15,700
18,300
Employment in manufacturing (C)
7,700
13,700
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
76.9%
86.4%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
15.9%
8.8%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
6.5%
3.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
122,500
113,500
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
19,634
24,427
Enterprise births
2,527
2,255
Enterprise deaths
2,054
1,274
3-year enterprise survival rate
5.8%
6.8%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
4.1%
—
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
7.1%
6.8%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
2.7%
—
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
47.9%
52.2%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
56.4%
62.6%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
18.2%
27.4%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
33.7%
36.5%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
14.7%
14.0%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
95.4%
99.2%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
623,798
833,336
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
—
428 /1k
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
499
352
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
7,004 kt
4,242 kt
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
14 km/1000km²
108 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
187
174
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
53
23
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
157,814
126,405
Population aged 65+
63,882
45,779
Population aged under 15
45,470
30,307
Median age of population
45.5 yrs
45.3 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
40.5%
36.2%
Crude rate of total population change
2.0 /1k
5.8 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
4.8 /1k
7.7 /1k
Crude birth rate
8.3 /1k
9.3 /1k
Crude death rate
11.1 /1k
11.3 /1k
Live births
2,222
1,884
Deaths
2,967
2,272
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
69.3%
60.2%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.70
1.59
Population density (persons per km²)
72 /km²
1,239 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
266,689
193,256
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
23.3%
16.9%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
83.7 yrs
82.1 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
18.9%
14.8%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
564 /100k
—
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
780 /100k
990 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
211 /100k
244 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.5 /100k
—
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
22.9 /100k
24.3 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
507 /100k
147 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,098 /100k
957 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
60 /M
27 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.46
1.77
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.27
1.72
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.02
1.73
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.39
1.92
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.02
0.63
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.107/kWh
€0.142/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.053/kWh
€0.039/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
73 m
4 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
37 days/yr
2 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
23 days/yr
17 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
4 days/yr
3 days/yr