Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€28,728M
€34,931M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€216M
€965M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€5,298M
€5,649M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€3,439M
€4,208M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,781M
€1,808M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€5,336M
€9,007M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€22,600
€27,000
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
28,000 PPS
51,100 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€30,400
€59,600
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€16,068M
€30,094M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,764M
€4,238M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€37,107M
€73,167M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€4,673M
€2,504M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€499M
€784M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€8,030M
€8,243M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€8,066M
€6,990M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€28,545M
€32,514M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€87,942
€110,390
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€7,216M
€7,459M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
373,100
368,700
Self-employed persons
34,000
58,400
Employment in manufacturing (C)
40,200
34,700
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
72.3%
86.3%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
24.8%
7.8%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
7.8%
3.5%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
473,400
370,200
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
35.9%
43.9%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
48.6%
54.7%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
10.9%
25.0%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
24.9%
29.5%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
6.7%
13.1%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
—
565 /1k
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
5,815
1,264
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
19,790 kt
27,864 kt
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
20 km/1000km²
102 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
554
193
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
72
44
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
4
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
652,409
413,146
Population aged 65+
231,424
146,865
Population aged under 15
166,422
93,944
Median age of population
43.8 yrs
44.8 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
35.5%
35.5%
Crude rate of total population change
-0.6 /1k
4.3 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
1.4 /1k
6.3 /1k
Crude birth rate
8.3 /1k
8.7 /1k
Crude death rate
10.3 /1k
10.8 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
61.0%
58.3%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.42
1.44
Population density (persons per km²)
170 /km²
528 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
949,251
670,009
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.8 /100k
—
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
35.9 /100k
22.9 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
346 /100k
189 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,257 /100k
1,328 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
51 /M
43 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.46
1.77
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.27
1.72
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.02
1.73
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.39
1.92
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.02
0.63