Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€22,459M
€22,075M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€2,672M
€170M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€4,311M
€3,169M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€3,832M
€2,037M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,133M
€1,200M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€3,743M
€3,803M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€22,400
€22,600
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
41,100 PPS
31,100 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€44,600
€33,800
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€11,131M
€16,068M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,531M
€1,764M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€22,820M
€37,107M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€2,632M
€3,838M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€258M
€546M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€5,086M
€6,614M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€5,513M
€7,119M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€22,066M
€21,947M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€100,612
€91,004
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€5,733M
€5,548M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
255,000
277,200
Self-employed persons
27,600
27,100
Employment in manufacturing (C)
26,200
22,100
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
72.4%
72.3%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
18.6%
24.8%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
7.0%
7.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
250,600
333,500
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
33.8%
35.9%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
41.0%
48.6%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
13.6%
10.9%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
21.3%
24.9%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
6.6%
6.7%
Mobility
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
32,481 kt
16,818 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,617
4,176
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
21 km/1000km²
20 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
289
572
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
129
76
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
345,827
459,560
Population aged 65+
122,990
155,663
Population aged under 15
89,933
114,880
Median age of population
42.3 yrs
41.9 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
35.6%
33.9%
Crude rate of total population change
-3.9 /1k
-1.4 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
-3.4 /1k
0.2 /1k
Crude birth rate
9.2 /1k
8.0 /1k
Crude death rate
9.7 /1k
9.6 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
61.6%
58.9%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.51
1.31
Population density (persons per km²)
69 /km²
139 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
548,897
759,466
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.1 /100k
0.7 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
62.8 /100k
46.1 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
505 /100k
359 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,911 /100k
1,546 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
80 /M
51 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.46
1.46
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.27
1.27
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.02
1.02
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.39
1.39
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.02
0.02