NUTS-3 FRD11 · France
Population
715,4812025
GDP
€25,977M2024
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
6.6%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
76.4%2025
Active firms
162,6172026
Cadastral parcels
725,4102026
Area
5,591 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
FRD11 · FRK14
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Calvados (Opportunity 54). Runner-up: Puy-de-Dôme (51). Contrarian pick: Puy-de-Dôme — leads the set on Demographic outlook (EU pctl 92).
Why you might not pick Calvados
Digital readiness (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Digital readiness (EU pctl 8) — Puy-de-Dôme may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Calvados leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
53.9
51.1
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
65.5
58.5
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
45.3
55.5
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
67.7
74.7
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
33.0
71.0
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
61.8
64.8
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
36.4
28.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
1.7% 5y
1.7% 5y
Population
0.5% 5y
0.1% 5y
Unemployment rate
1.3% 5y
3.1% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€36,307
€39,146
Population density
128 /km²
83 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
1,014
2,366
Firms per 1k pop
227
224
All indicators · 88 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€23,187M
€23,239M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€334M
€275M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€3,121M
€4,148M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,584M
€3,574M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,486M
€1,308M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€4,373M
€4,076M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€23,200
€23,400
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
33,800 PPS
35,900 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€36,700
€39,000
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€11,208M
€10,591M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,469M
€1,415M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€26,527M
€23,857M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€3,765M
€3,585M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€426M
€635M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€7,045M
€7,363M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€6,829M
€6,070M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€23,078M
€23,133M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€84,882
€90,953
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€5,785M
€5,924M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
311,900
291,400
Self-employed persons
36,200
34,100
Employment in manufacturing (C)
31,000
37,000
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
76.8%
77.2%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
15.3%
19.6%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
6.5%
6.4%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
330,100
316,700
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
49,803
46,299
Enterprise births
6,664
5,914
Enterprise deaths
5,038
4,599
3-year enterprise survival rate
6.4%
6.1%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.1%
2.0%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
2.4%
3.8%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
0.8%
1.3%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
39.4%
40.4%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
50.8%
46.9%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
14.7%
15.9%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
26.1%
26.3%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.1%
7.9%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
90.7%
93.9%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
7,710,116
4,079,020
Mobility
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
15,071 kt
17,833 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2,896
5,033
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
16 km/1000km²
19 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
405
758
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
176
7
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
431,671
405,808
Population aged 65+
172,387
157,975
Population aged under 15
111,423
100,535
Median age of population
44.2 yrs
44.3 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
39.9%
38.9%
Crude rate of total population change
3.8 /1k
-0.1 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
6.4 /1k
1.8 /1k
Crude birth rate
8.1 /1k
8.2 /1k
Crude death rate
10.7 /1k
10.0 /1k
Live births
5,792
5,415
Deaths
7,637
6,640
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
65.7%
63.7%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.44
1.43
Population density (persons per km²)
128 /km²
83 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
689,236
753,484
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
16.9%
22.4%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
82.3 yrs
82.7 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
12.8%
17.7%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
557 /100k
660 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
894 /100k
871 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
230 /100k
230 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.1 /100k
0.6 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
29.0 /100k
48.6 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
297 /100k
602 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,296 /100k
1,566 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
63 /M
64 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.46
1.46
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.27
1.27
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.02
1.02
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.39
1.39
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.02
0.02
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.107/kWh
€0.107/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.053/kWh
€0.053/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
45 m
380 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
6 days/yr
18 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
20 days/yr
47 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
5 days/yr