Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€23,187M
€23,938M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€334M
€510M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€3,121M
€5,534M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,584M
€4,727M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,486M
€1,606M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€4,373M
€4,151M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€23,200
€23,200
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
33,800 PPS
32,000 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€36,700
€34,700
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€11,208M
€16,352M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,469M
€2,573M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€26,527M
€39,199M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€3,765M
€3,698M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€426M
€249M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€7,045M
€6,287M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€6,829M
€5,852M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€23,078M
€23,961M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€84,882
€91,592
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€5,785M
€5,912M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
311,900
298,100
Self-employed persons
36,200
30,100
Employment in manufacturing (C)
31,000
41,900
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
76.8%
76.7%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
15.3%
10.2%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
6.5%
5.0%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
330,100
358,800
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
39.4%
41.0%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
50.8%
51.2%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
14.7%
14.5%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
26.1%
29.2%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.1%
10.0%
Mobility
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
15,071 kt
16,736 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
2,896
3,321
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
16 km/1000km²
36 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
405
431
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
176
36
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
0
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
431,671
475,311
Population aged 65+
172,387
172,043
Population aged under 15
111,423
123,419
Median age of population
44.2 yrs
44.5 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
39.9%
36.2%
Crude rate of total population change
3.8 /1k
-0.1 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
6.4 /1k
0.9 /1k
Crude birth rate
8.1 /1k
8.6 /1k
Crude death rate
10.7 /1k
9.6 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
65.7%
62.2%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.44
1.56
Population density (persons per km²)
128 /km²
220 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
689,236
713,931
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.1 /100k
0.9 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
29.0 /100k
33.0 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
297 /100k
291 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,296 /100k
1,255 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
63 /M
38 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.46
1.46
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.27
1.27
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.02
1.02
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.39
1.39
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.02
0.02