NUTS-3 FI199 · Finland
Population
189,9292025
GDP
€7,709M2024
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
9.2%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
76.9%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
14,356.2 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
FI199 · SE213
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Kalmar län (Opportunity 38). Runner-up: Etelä-Pohjanmaa (32). Contrarian pick: Etelä-Pohjanmaa — leads the set on Energy cost (EU pctl 99).
Strengths
Energy cost (99) · Digital readiness (75)
Red flags
Growth momentum (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Kalmar län
Connectivity (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Connectivity (EU pctl 10) — Etelä-Pohjanmaa may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
Kalmar län leads under all four archetype mandates — the recommendation is weight-stable.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
31.6
38.2
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
69.5
52.5
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
54.3
56.3
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
—
77.7
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
18.5
9.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
71.5
77.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
14.2
27.4
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
—
0.9% 5y
Population
0.3% 5y
0.1% 5y
Unemployment rate
—
2.8% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€40,586
€39,719
Population density
13 /km²
21 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 90 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€6,742M
€8,763M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€531M
€438M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,435M
€2,081M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,215M
€1,489M
GVA — construction (F)
€432M
€603M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,002M
€1,635M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€22,800
€22,000
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
33,700 PPS
33,300 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€40,500
€39,500
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€13,845M
€8,919M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,726M
€1,769M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€29,084M
€18,774M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€1,000M
€725M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€91M
€186M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,588M
€1,405M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,753M
€2,601M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
—
€8,938M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
—
€89,827
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
—
€2,463M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
87,700
115,890
Self-employed persons
12,810
7,000
Employment in manufacturing (C)
15,730
18,000
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
80.0%
83.6%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
22.0%
22.1%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
—
7.1%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
—
125,900
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
15,494
16,437
Enterprise births
1,044
1,279
Enterprise deaths
1,104
1,056
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.5%
4.6%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
3.0%
1.4%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
4.8%
3.2%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.9%
0.8%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
41.5%
43.6%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
36.0%
45.1%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
27.0%
35.5%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
28.6%
28.5%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
10.3%
9.4%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
96.9%
93.0%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
713,300
3,138,463
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
729 /1k
530 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
7,451 kt
12,508 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
—
16
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
2 km/1000km²
6 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
—
7
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
77
134
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
0
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
108,974
142,214
Population aged 65+
52,058
64,879
Population aged under 15
28,897
39,259
Median age of population
46.5 yrs
46.0 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
47.8%
45.6%
Crude rate of total population change
-3.2 /1k
-1.3 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
2.2 /1k
1.4 /1k
Crude birth rate
7.2 /1k
8.2 /1k
Crude death rate
12.6 /1k
10.9 /1k
Live births
1,369
2,026
Deaths
2,405
2,697
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
74.3%
73.2%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.44
1.55
Population density (persons per km²)
14 /km²
22 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
—
279,056
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
—
16.9%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
82.3 yrs
84.0 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
—
14.5%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
269 /100k
200 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
903 /100k
819 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
217 /100k
199 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
2.1 /100k
—
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
18.9 /100k
19.1 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
73.5 /100k
552 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
1,062 /100k
1,676 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
41 /M
32 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
—
1.91
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
—
1.62
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
—
1.74
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
—
2.03
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
—
0.94
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.067/kWh
€0.085/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.065/kWh
€0.073/kWh
Housing market
Dwelling price per m² — old housing-company dwellings (Statistics Finland)
€1,644/m²
—
Average sold price, tenant-owned flats (SEK thousands, Statistics Sweden)
—
1,236 kSEK
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
101 m
114 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
0 days/yr
2 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
162 days/yr
90 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
2 days/yr