NUTS-3 ES241 · Spain
Population
230,0872025
GDP
€8,168M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
8%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
75.6%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
15,655.2 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
ES241 · ITC49
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Lodi (Opportunity 56). Runner-up: Huesca (52). Contrarian pick: Huesca — leads the set on Freight intensity (EU pctl 99).
#1Lodi
Strengths
Demographic outlook (80) · Industrial base (68)
Red flags
Long-run slide: down 33 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute)
Why you might not pick Lodi
Long-run slide: down 33 EU ranks in real GDP per head since 1995 (relative decline, not absolute). Its weakest dimension is Governance (EU pctl 20) — Huesca may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Huesca · Manufacturing → Huesca · Office → Huesca · Residential → Lodi.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
51.7
56.0
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
57.3
54.5
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
58.7
50.3
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
22.3
56.3
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
61.3
29.5
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
68.0
47.8
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
3.1% 5y
2.5% 5y
Population
0.6% 5y
0.2% 5y
Unemployment rate
5.2% 5y
13.8% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€35,498
€32,527
Population density
15 /km²
294 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 88 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€7,453M
€6,728M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€1,238M
€270M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,590M
€1,677M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,145M
€1,465M
GVA — construction (F)
€497M
€448M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,449M
€1,454M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€19,900
€26,600
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
40,300 PPS
34,000 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€35,900
€32,700
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€9,383M
€101,220M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€1,967M
€19,922M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€22,292M
€188,904M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
—
€917M
GVA — information & communication (J)
—
€219M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€1,233M
€1,897M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€1,446M
€983M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€7,364M
€6,819M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€79,922
€93,866
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€1,858M
€1,569M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
108,900
82,200
Self-employed persons
20,800
18,200
Employment in manufacturing (C)
14,200
15,600
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
76.1%
71.7%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
24.1%
10.9%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
8.1%
2.9%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
113,800
108,500
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
16,148
14,139
Enterprise births
1,067
1,084
Enterprise deaths
1,062
808
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.3%
3.6%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.2%
1.2%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
3.6%
5.3%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.2%
1.6%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
41.0%
23.6%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
49.6%
34.0%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
15.1%
11.8%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
22.7%
18.7%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.7%
5.2%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
97.6%
96.0%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
3,836,157
168,264
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
499 /1k
640 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
20,390 kt
7,577 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
63
13
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
18 km/1000km²
32 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
27
6
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
99
27
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
1
3
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
147,400
148,012
Population aged 65+
53,494
53,051
Population aged under 15
29,193
29,187
Median age of population
47.3 yrs
48.0 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
36.3%
35.8%
Crude rate of total population change
6.8 /1k
3.4 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
11.0 /1k
6.6 /1k
Crude birth rate
6.6 /1k
6.8 /1k
Crude death rate
10.7 /1k
10.1 /1k
Live births
1,504
1,569
Deaths
2,464
2,318
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
56.1%
55.6%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.25
1.28
Population density (persons per km²)
15 /km²
300 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
166,110
211,543
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
19.1%
12.5%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
84.3 yrs
84.4 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
13.6%
9.2%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
352 /100k
322 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
812 /100k
835 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
226 /100k
222 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.4 /100k
0.0 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
56.0 /100k
31.8 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
302 /100k
—
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
237 /100k
841 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
53 /M
38 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.14
0.72
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.84
0.60
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.96
0.57
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.78
0.57
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.16
0.41
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.106/kWh
€0.159/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.048/kWh
€0.048/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
626 m
73 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
52 days/yr
49 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
41 days/yr
41 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
9 days/yr
13 days/yr