NUTS-3 EL412 · Greece
Population
43,0102025
GDP
€637M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
6.4%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
70%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
777 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
EL412 · EL533
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Ικαρία, Σάμος (Opportunity 19). Runner-up: Φλώρινα (17). Contrarian pick: Φλώρινα — leads the set on Freight intensity (EU pctl 92).
Strengths
Demographic outlook (100) · Cost advantage (88)
Red flags
Economic base (EU bottom 15%)
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Talent & skills (EU bottom 15%)
Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%)
Industrial base (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Resilience (EU bottom 15%)
#2Φλώρινα
Strengths
Freight intensity (92) · Cost advantage (81)
Red flags
Labour market (EU bottom 15%)
Connectivity (EU bottom 15%)
Industrial base (EU bottom 15%)
Governance (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Ικαρία, Σάμος
Economic base (EU bottom 15%); Labour market (EU bottom 15%); Talent & skills (EU bottom 15%); Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%); Industrial base (EU bottom 15%); Governance (EU bottom 15%); Resilience (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Freight intensity (EU pctl 1) — Φλώρινα may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Φλώρινα · Manufacturing → Φλώρινα · Office → Φλώρινα · Residential → Ικαρία, Σάμος.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
18.8
16.9
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
13.0
25.8
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
32.0
27.2
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
17.0
13.5
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
12.3
27.8
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
41.2
34.4
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
3.6% 5y
0.3% 5y
Population
0.6% 5y
1.5% 5y
Unemployment rate
17.5% 5y
5.0% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€14,811
€20,813
Population density
55 /km²
22 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 83 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€556M
€779M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€12M
€144M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€49M
€242M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€24M
€37M
GVA — construction (F)
€11M
€25M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€175M
€95M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€11,200
€13,200
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
16,000 PPS
22,900 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€12,900
€18,500
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€652M
€1,167M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€19M
€49M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€1,148M
€1,399M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€86M
€63M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€4M
€7M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€132M
€102M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€178M
€172M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€578M
€764M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€36,648
€49,931
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€164M
€304M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
18,780
18,900
Self-employed persons
7,750
7,970
Employment in manufacturing (C)
850
1,440
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
68.6%
66.6%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
31.9%
31.3%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
6.4%
15.1%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
17,200
19,900
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
4,055
3,079
Enterprise births
260
191
Enterprise deaths
81
134
3-year enterprise survival rate
3.8%
3.4%
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
1.1%
1.0%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
—
1.7%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
1.5%
1.4%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
21.3%
28.3%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
19.1%
47.0%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
5.2%
4.0%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
12.9%
18.6%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
7.7%
5.9%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
1,377,316
61,627
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
302 /1k
429 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
143 kt
2,425 kt
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
0 km/1000km²
23 km/1000km²
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
70
84
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
1
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
26,965
27,041
Population aged 65+
11,301
10,753
Population aged under 15
4,744
5,126
Median age of population
46.9 yrs
48.6 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
41.9%
39.8%
Crude rate of total population change
12.8 /1k
-12.6 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
18.8 /1k
-3.9 /1k
Crude birth rate
6.0 /1k
5.3 /1k
Crude death rate
12.0 /1k
14.0 /1k
Live births
255
227
Deaths
511
603
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
59.5%
58.7%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.39
1.05
Population density (persons per km²)
56 /km²
24 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
93,018
31,756
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
27.9%
29.5%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
83.0 yrs
82.3 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
22.5%
21.7%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
335 /100k
458 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
861 /100k
1,061 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
199 /100k
234 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
2.4 /100k
2.3 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
4.7 /100k
0.0 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
25.9 /100k
16.1 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
104 /100k
55.2 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
98 /M
56 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.56
0.56
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.42
0.42
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.49
0.49
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
0.32
0.32
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.24
0.24
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.143/kWh
€0.143/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.039/kWh
€0.039/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
518 m
818 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
41 days/yr
22 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
7 days/yr
63 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
15 days/yr
6 days/yr