Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€67,613M
€73,449M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€3M
€0M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€3,042M
€7,818M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€2,563M
€4,118M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,472M
€4,208M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€25,173M
€20,843M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€30,400
€29,600
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
71,300 PPS
44,300 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€92,200
€48,200
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€37,409M
€192,308M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€9,284M
€9,999M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€83,324M
€456,581M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€4,894M
€8,826M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€7,917M
€3,722M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€22,226M
€23,237M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€15,697M
€17,342M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€69,517M
€75,690M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€138,018
€114,494
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€16,692M
€18,548M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
571,440
731,300
Self-employed persons
26,670
51,300
Employment in manufacturing (C)
12,540
29,300
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
84.9%
76.6%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
13.9%
21.2%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
6.7%
8.8%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
539,500
882,300
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
58.2%
58.6%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
64.7%
72.7%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
35.0%
18.0%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
39.4%
40.1%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
14.8%
14.1%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
416 /1k
433 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
5,226 kt
9,833 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,476
4,070
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
69 km/1000km²
52 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
178
235
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
6
6
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
4
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
609,404
1,153,977
Population aged 65+
102,812
234,846
Population aged under 15
119,207
342,966
Median age of population
34.2 yrs
36.1 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
16.9%
20.4%
Crude rate of total population change
10.5 /1k
7.8 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
3.1 /1k
-1.2 /1k
Crude birth rate
13.3 /1k
14.5 /1k
Crude death rate
5.9 /1k
5.4 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
36.4%
50.1%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.36
1.99
Population density (persons per km²)
4,753 /km²
7,309 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
878,020
2,086,066
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.7 /100k
2.0 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
54.9 /100k
253 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
430 /100k
402 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
6,085 /100k
2,982 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
12 /M
21 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
2.10
1.46
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
2.02
1.27
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
2.00
1.02
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
2.30
1.39
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.84
0.02