NUTS-3 DE113 · Germany
Population
536,6012025
GDP
€28,345M2023
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
3.6%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
83.6%2025
Active firms· FR-only
—
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
—
Area
640.6 km²
TerraSight · Compare
2 regions side-by-side
DE113 · BE242
Decision brief
Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity
Best overall fit: Arr. Leuven (Opportunity 77). Runner-up: Esslingen (71). Contrarian pick: Esslingen — leads the set on Industrial base (EU pctl 91).
Strengths
Talent & skills (93) · Connectivity (84)
Red flags
Cost advantage (EU bottom 15%)
Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%)
Industrial base (EU bottom 15%)
Strengths
Industrial base (91) · Economic base (86)
Red flags
Cost advantage (EU bottom 15%)
Why you might not pick Arr. Leuven
Cost advantage (EU bottom 15%); Freight intensity (EU bottom 15%); Industrial base (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Cost advantage (EU pctl 2) — Esslingen may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: Logistics → Esslingen · Manufacturing → Esslingen · Office → Arr. Leuven · Residential → Arr. Leuven.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
- Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
- Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
- Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
- Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics
This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.
Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores
Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
71.0
76.7
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
47.0
63.0
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
67.9
71.7
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
53.7
64.0
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
77.7
83.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
60.0
93.0
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
36.2
52.2
Trajectories · 2012–latest
Real GDP (2020 prices)
2.2% 5y
3.4% 5y
Population
0.1% 5y
0.7% 5y
Unemployment rate
1.1% 5y
7.7% 5y
Derived comparisons
GDP per capita
€52,824
€49,583
Population density
838 /km²
455 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
All indicators · 89 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)
Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€25,891M
€23,830M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€51M
€240M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€8,810M
€2,500M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€8,243M
€1,849M
GVA — construction (F)
€1,074M
€745M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€5,953M
€4,566M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€30,800
€32,200
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
47,200 PPS
44,300 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€53,000
€49,800
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€60,881M
€16,879M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€22,211M
€800M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€139,588M
€32,835M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
—
€2,558M
GVA — information & communication (J)
—
€1,138M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€6,355M
€8,990M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€3,649M
€6,789M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€24,569M
€22,870M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€104,681
€131,739
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€6,270M
€6,820M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
285,080
206,100
Self-employed persons
22,700
42,700
Employment in manufacturing (C)
69,060
13,600
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
82.6%
74.4%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
6.9%
19.7%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
3.6%
5.5%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
304,500
253,500
Business demography
Active enterprises (business economy, all sizes)
20,647
—
Enterprise births
1,832
—
Enterprise deaths
1,920
—
3-year enterprise survival rate
4.2%
—
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
7.3%
5.2%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
5.8%
7.4%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
4.9%
4.4%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
38.0%
56.7%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
43.1%
57.8%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
9.0%
19.0%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
26.4%
39.9%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
11.3%
13.4%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
—
95.6%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
1,511,223
866,158
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
636 /1k
720 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
14,730 kt
4,728 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,983
3,495
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
—
83 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
370
658
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
11
26
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
3
4
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
344,535
336,542
Population aged 65+
115,007
114,853
Population aged under 15
77,059
79,576
Median age of population
44.7 yrs
43.4 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
33.4%
34.1%
Crude rate of total population change
1.1 /1k
7.0 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
2.5 /1k
8.1 /1k
Crude birth rate
9.2 /1k
8.3 /1k
Crude death rate
10.7 /1k
9.4 /1k
Live births
4,927
4,384
Deaths
5,715
4,959
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
55.7%
57.8%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.52
1.32
Population density (persons per km²)
837 /km²
453 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
538,778
524,005
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
17.1%
8.8%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
82.3 yrs
83.9 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
12.6%
5.8%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
—
376 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
938 /100k
810 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
199 /100k
196 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
0.9 /100k
0.4 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
22.4 /100k
35.5 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
142 /100k
337 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
744 /100k
1,269 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
27 /M
26 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.78
1.31
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.56
1.41
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.58
1.34
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.82
1.58
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.53
0.25
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.161/kWh
€0.130/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.055/kWh
€0.046/kWh
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
295 m
55 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
11 days/yr
6 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
63 days/yr
35 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
4 days/yr
2 days/yr