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BE231 · NO083

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NUTS-3 BE231 · Belgium
Population
307,8732025
GDP
€10,350M2024
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
4.2%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
78.8%2025
Active firms· FR-only
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
Area
474.8 km²
NUTS-3 NO083 · Norway
Population
314,4072025
GDP
Unemployment· NUTS-2 source
5%2025
Employment· NUTS-2 source
80.3%2025
Active firms· FR-only
Cadastral parcels· FR-only
Area
3,898.8 km²

Decision brief

Download brief (PDF)mandate-neutral · ranked by overall opportunity

Best overall fit: Arr. Aalst (Opportunity 67). Runner-up: Østfold (45). Contrarian pick: Østfold — leads the set on Energy cost (EU pctl 100).

Strengths
Talent & skills (91) · Connectivity (71)
Red flags
Cost advantage (EU bottom 15%)
Strengths
Energy cost (100) · Talent & skills (95)
No red flags
Why you might not pick Arr. Aalst
Cost advantage (EU bottom 15%). Its weakest dimension is Cost advantage (EU pctl 6) — Østfold may suit a mandate that weights that higher.
How robust is this recommendation?
The leader depends on the mandate: LogisticsØstfold · ManufacturingØstfold · OfficeØstfold · ResidentialArr. Aalst.
Phase-2 diligence checklist
  • Site-level grid connection capacity and power pricing (beyond country-grain energy data)
  • Local incentives, tax regimes and permitting timelines
  • Workforce depth for your specific roles (the talent pillar is a proxy)
  • Real-estate availability, rents and land — public pan-EU data stops at the Nordics

This is a mandate-neutral read. To weight the pillars to your thesis, run these regions through the Site Screener — it ranks all 1,211 regions under your weights and exports the full PDF. First-pass macro screening, not investment advice.

Composite intelligence · 0–100 EU-percentile scores

Opportunity Indexscale + growth + access + structure
67.2
44.8
Resilience Indexdiversification, stability, buffers
71.0
Quality of Lifeprosperity, health, safety, environment
64.3
70.3
Clean AirPM2.5 / PM10 / NO₂ inverted
37.0
Connectivitytransit + air + market access
71.3
51.7
Talent & Human Capitalskills, learning, knowledge workers
90.8
95.3
Growth Momentumrecent GDP / employment trajectory
50.4
46.0

Trajectories · 2012–latest

Real GDP (2020 prices)
2.7% 5y
Population
0.9% 5y
1.2% 5y
Unemployment rate
8.7% 5y

Derived comparisons

GDP per capita
€33,617
Population density
648 /km²
81 /km²
Parcels per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only
Firms per 1k pop
FR-only
FR-only

All indicators · 86 metrics (Eurostat, all-EU)

Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€9,368M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€42M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€1,288M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€1,103M
GVA — construction (F)
€915M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€1,717M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€30,800
€28,600
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
30,100 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€33,800
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€20,203M
€27,753M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,558M
€831M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€37,875M
€65,746M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
€1,358M
GVA — information & communication (J)
€248M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€2,961M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€2,445M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€8,749M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€111,762
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€2,815M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
95,500
Self-employed persons
22,300
Employment in manufacturing (C)
9,200
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
76.7%
81.4%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
16.6%
15.6%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
4.1%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
151,900
Innovation & R&D
R&D expenditure as % of GDP ·N2
3.4%
2.9%
Employment in high-tech sectors (% of total) ·N2
5.7%
7.8%
R&D personnel (% of active population, FTE) ·N2
2.7%
2.3%
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
48.8%
56.5%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
56.4%
63.5%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
20.5%
21.7%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
35.9%
37.5%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
11.9%
13.8%
Digital
Households with internet access ·N2
95.7%
99.0%
Tourism
Nights spent at tourist accommodation (total)
240,497
815,829
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
475 /1k
494 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
5,236 kt
14,330 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
1,379
3,398
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
66 km/1000km²
12 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
448
1,081
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
40
60
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
4
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
193,125
199,464
Population aged 65+
65,741
66,117
Population aged under 15
49,007
48,826
Median age of population
43.9 yrs
43.6 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
34.0%
33.1%
Crude rate of total population change
8.7 /1k
7.2 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
9.8 /1k
8.2 /1k
Crude birth rate
9.0 /1k
8.6 /1k
Crude death rate
10.1 /1k
9.6 /1k
Live births
2,749
2,682
Deaths
3,086
2,994
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
59.4%
57.6%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.52
1.47
Population density (persons per km²)
648 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
293,209
Social
At risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE) ·N2
12.1%
15.3%
Life expectancy at birth ·N2
83.0 yrs
83.4 yrs
At-risk-of-poverty rate (regional) ·N2
6.1%
10.8%
Health
Hospital beds per 100k inhabitants ·N2
566 /100k
324 /100k
Mortality, all causes (age-standardised rate) ·N2
867 /100k
823 /100k
Cancer mortality (age-standardised rate) ·N2
222 /100k
206 /100k
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.0 /100k
0.6 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
44.6 /100k
14.4 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
226 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
930 /100k
1,764 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
38 /M
15 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.31
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.41
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.34
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.58
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.25
Energy
Industrial electricity price, 2-20 GWh band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.130/kWh
€0.064/kWh
Industrial gas price, 10-100k GJ band, excl. taxes (national)
€0.046/kWh
Housing market
Dwelling price per m² (NOK, all types, Statistics Norway)
37,245 NOK/m²
Climate
Elevation at region centroid (Copernicus DEM)
63 m
139 m
Hot days ≥30°C (avg per year)
5 days/yr
0 days/yr
Frost days ≤0°C (avg per year)
34 days/yr
111 days/yr
Heavy-precipitation days ≥20mm (avg per year)
2 days/yr
7 days/yr