Economy
Gross value added, total (current prices)
€107,861M
€141,628M
GVA — agriculture, forestry & fishing (A)
€71M
€87M
GVA — industry (B–E)
€11,434M
€19,635M
GVA — manufacturing (C)
€6,799M
€16,072M
GVA — construction (F)
€4,678M
€3,964M
GVA — wholesale/retail, transport, ICT (G–J)
€31,947M
€45,176M
Net disposable household income per capita (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
€28,200
€29,900
GDP per capita in PPS (purchasing-power adjusted)
53,400 PPS
75,000 PPS
GDP per capita (current prices, EUR)
€60,200
€84,200
Gross fixed capital formation — investment (total economy) ·N2
€28,377M
€27,332M
Investment in manufacturing capex (GFCF, NACE C) ·N2
€2,004M
€2,502M
Compensation of employees (total wage bill) ·N2
€62,600M
€78,264M
GVA — real estate activities (L)
—
€12,347M
GVA — information & communication (J)
—
€8,654M
GVA — finance, real estate & professional (K–N)
€33,331M
€46,715M
GVA — public admin, health & education (O–U)
€26,401M
€26,051M
Real GDP (constant 2020 prices, incl. short-term forecast)
€108,770M
€129,374M
Labour productivity per person employed (EUR)
€113,788
€123,586
Gross fixed capital formation, NUTS-3 (ARDECO)
€29,022M
€27,755M
Labour market
Employment, total persons
1,127,400
1,358,510
Self-employed persons
114,100
103,250
Employment in manufacturing (C)
59,200
109,100
Activity rate, 15–64 (NUTS-2 source) ·N2
75.4%
78.7%
Youth unemployment rate (15–24) ·N2
17.7%
8.3%
Unemployment rate 15-74, NUTS-3 native (ARDECO)
9.9%
5.3%
Labour force aged 15+ (ARDECO)
1,055,700
1,035,700
Education
Tertiary education attainment, age 25–64 ·N2
46.3%
43.0%
Tertiary attainment, age 25–34 (young talent pool) ·N2
51.1%
48.7%
Adult participation in learning, age 25–64 (last 4 weeks) ·N2
20.9%
11.4%
Knowledge workers — tertiary-educated & in science/tech (% of labour force) ·N2
30.6%
31.4%
Scientists & engineers (% of labour force) ·N2
11.1%
12.4%
Mobility
Passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants ·N2
363 /1k
435 /1k
Road freight loaded (annual, thousand tonnes)
22,563 kt
54,626 kt
Distinct public-transport stop locations within the region (GTFS feeds, deduplicated across overlapping feeds by coordinate). A measure of transit-network extent.
4,207
5,196
Motorway density (km per 1,000 km²) ·N2
109 km/1000km²
104 km/1000km²
Public-transport stops per 100,000 inhabitants — transit service density relative to population (GTFS feeds, coordinate-deduplicated).
207
279
Distance from the region centroid to the nearest major (large) airport, in km - air-connectivity accessibility. Lower is better.
19
7
Number of major (large) airports within 100 km of the region centroid - air-hub catchment richness.
2
2
Demography
Population aged 15–64 (working age)
1,401,288
1,260,836
Population aged 65+
334,230
336,092
Population aged under 15
292,771
265,637
Median age of population
39.7 yrs
41.0 yrs
Old-age dependency ratio (65+ / 15–64)
23.9%
26.7%
Crude rate of total population change
11.2 /1k
5.9 /1k
Crude rate of net migration plus adjustment
10.1 /1k
6.5 /1k
Crude birth rate
9.5 /1k
9.5 /1k
Crude death rate
8.4 /1k
10.0 /1k
Total age-dependency ratio (young+old / 15-64)
44.7%
47.7%
Total fertility rate (births per woman)
1.23
1.24
Population density (persons per km²)
5,094 /km²
2,616 /km²
Projected population, 2030–2040 (EUROPOP2019 baseline)
2,359,096
2,101,740
Safety & crime
Intentional homicides per 100k inhabitants
1.4 /100k
0.9 /100k
Robberies per 100k inhabitants
83.9 /100k
127 /100k
Burglaries per 100k inhabitants
1,644 /100k
469 /100k
Thefts per 100k inhabitants
2,039 /100k
3,255 /100k
Road traffic deaths per million inhabitants ·N2
10 /M
21 /M
Governance & institutions
Government effectiveness, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.74
1.78
Regulatory quality, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.40
1.56
Rule of law, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.64
1.58
Control of corruption, WGI score -2.5..2.5 (country)
1.37
1.82
Political stability & absence of violence, WGI score (country)
0.60
0.53